OncoPharm 5-Fluorouracil
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Sep 14, 2018 Delve into the fascinating history of 5-fluorouracil, a pivotal drug in cancer treatment. Discover its unique mechanisms and the range of clinical applications that make it a cornerstone in oncology. The discussion also highlights the importance of dosage and safety management, ensuring effective use while minimizing toxicities. Uncover how this drug has evolved over time and continues to shape cancer therapy today.
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5-FU's Historic Discovery
- 5-FU was discovered by Charles Heidelberger at the University of Wisconsin in 1957.
- Early trials even had funding from the Milwaukee Braves baseball team supporting cancer research.
Dual Mechanisms of 5-FU
- 5-FU's main action is thymidylate synthetase inhibition via F-Dump metabolite, enhanced by reduced folates.
- Bolus 5-FU acts mostly as RNA false base pairing, infusion acts mostly by enzyme inhibition, causing different toxicities.
Managing 5-FU Side Effects
- Use ice chips 30 minutes before bolus 5-FU to reduce mucositis severity by vasoconstriction.
- When significant myelosuppression occurs with FOLFOX, reduce oxaliplatin and bolus 5-FU, not infusion 5-FU.