Author and historian Eric Rauchway and economist Brad DeLong delve into the nuanced history of capitalism post-World War II, discussing the shift in power balance, the '30 glorious years' of prosperity, and the influence of various individuals on shaping the economic system. They explore topics such as stock speculation in the 1920s, the impacts of the Great Depression, and the fall of the Iron Curtain on economies and ideologies. The podcast highlights the complexities of capitalism, labor income distribution, and the importance of societal considerations in economic systems.
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Quick takeaways
Post-World War II led to a better kind of capitalism with shared prosperity.
Personal interpretations shape economic freedom while societal structures define capitalism.
Deep dives
Definition of Economic Freedom from Personal Perspectives
Economic freedom is personalized differently by individuals, ranging from not worrying about basic needs to achieving financial independence. Some express it as freedom from money constraints, while others see it as securing enough wealth to be off the grid. For many, economic freedom means not stressing about rent or meals, especially after being laid off. The podcast captures how economic freedom can be contextual and vary based on personal experiences.
Diverse Concepts of Economic Freedom: Personal vs. Systemic
Economic freedom is contrasted between personal interpretations and societal structures. The discussion delves into how individuals define economic freedom based on personal circumstances, such as job stability or inheritance. On a broader scale, economic freedom is linked to capitalism in the United States, providing freedom to engage in business and market activities. The conversation highlights the intersections of personal economic concerns and systemic economic ideologies.
Shifts in Economic Policy and Impact on Society
The episode traces the evolution of economic policies in the United States, notably during the Great Depression and post-World War II era. Programs like the New Deal introduced by President Roosevelt reshaped the economic landscape, emphasizing government intervention and social programs. These policies aimed to address income inequality, improve working conditions, and enhance social security. The narrative underscores how political decisions can impact societal well-being and economic stability.
Capitalism's Historical Dynamics and Social Progress
The podcast outlines capitalism's historical trajectory from the Gilded Age to modern neoliberalism. It explores how social movements and political pressures have influenced economic policies, leading to periods of shared prosperity. By examining the balance between market mechanisms and government interventions, the episode illuminates the role of capitalist systems in shaping societal progress and addressing income disparities. It underscores the ongoing debate between laissez-faire capitalism and social democracy in promoting economic well-being for all.
How the balance of power shifted, for a time, in the decades after World War II, and led to a better kind of capitalism – if you think prosperity being broadly shared is a good thing.
By John Biewen, with co-host Ellen McGirt. Interviews with Eric Rauchway and Brad DeLong. Thanks to the Studs Terkel Archive at WFMT. Story editor: Loretta Williams. Music by Michelle Osis, Lilli Haydn, Chris Westlake, Alex Symcox, and Goodnight, Lucas. Music consulting by Joe Augustine of Narrative Music. "Capitalism” is a production of the Kenan Institute for Ethics at Duke University, in partnership with Imperative 21.
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