Scott Helme discusses the importance of upgrading to TLS 1.3 for better performance, the risks of sticking to TLS 1.1, and the evolution of encryption on the web. The conversation highlights the necessity of transitioning to secure encryption protocols, emphasizing the security enhancements and performance improvements of TLS 1.3. The chapter also explores the challenges faced in legacy environments during the upgrade process and the transition to post-quantum cryptography for enhanced data security.