The Daily Aus The marine disaster threatening South Australia
Jul 22, 2025
Recent mass deaths of sharks, seals, and dolphins along South Australia's beaches are horrifyingly linked to a persistent toxic algal bloom. The crisis has sparked national concern, prompting a $14 million federal funding initiative. Scientists warn that these harmful algal blooms are driven by climate change, presenting risks to marine ecosystems and human health. Despite the dire situation, there's a glimmer of hope with the discovery of bioluminescent algae that may provide solutions in the future.
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Algae's Dual Role in Ecosystems
- Algae are crucial aquatic plants that produce much of Earth's oxygen through photosynthesis.
- However, some algae can grow excessively, creating harmful algal blooms that damage marine ecosystems.
Causes of South Australia's Bloom
- Marine heat waves and nutrient-rich floodwaters create ideal conditions for harmful algal blooms.
- South Australia's bloom involves Karenia mikimotoi, which harms fish gills through toxic reactive oxygen molecules.
Mass Marine Deaths from Bloom
- The bloom has killed thousands of marine animals across 430 species including sharks, rays, and octopus.
- Cooler winter waters did not dissipate the bloom due to persistent marine heat waves.