How Amazon Storage Impacts Sellers' Tax Compliance

Online retailers that rely solely on third-party logistics providers like Amazon for tax compliance may still face tax liability for direct sales through their own websites.

Many states enacted marketplace facilitator laws in the years since the Supreme Court's 2018 ruling in South Dakota v. Wayfair, shifting tax collection responsibilities to platforms like Amazon or Walmart. But individual vendors can still face additional tax obligations because of direct sales, how their inventory is controlled, or state-specific sales thresholds.

As of October, most of the 24 states in the Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Agreement, which aims to simplify sales tax codes, said inventory in a third-party warehouse creates a physical nexus—a connection that triggers tax responsibilities. Rules vary even more outside the Streamlined pact. In New York, for instance, storage alone is sufficient for nexus, while in Arizona, inventory beyond a seller’s control likely doesn't.

Bloomberg Tax reporter Angélica Serrano-Román and Diane L. Yetter, founder of the Sales Tax Institute, discussed how businesses using third-party logistics services navigate tax compliance, the inconsistency in court decisions on who is liable for tax collection and remittance, and the contentious issue of retroactivity where states might seek uncollected taxes from before the Wayfair decision.

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