Finding Pluto’s Potential Replacement with a Giant New Telescope
Jan 10, 2025
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Clara Moskowitz, senior editor for space and physics at Scientific American, delves into the quest for a potential new ninth planet beyond Pluto. She discusses the Vera Rubin Observatory's upcoming launch and its promise of uncovering hidden celestial bodies. The conversation highlights Pluto's controversial status, the peculiar orbits of distant objects hinting at Planet Nine, and the transformative impact of new astronomical tools. Clara also reflects on the debates within the scientific community about what it means to be a planet.
The Vera Rubin Observatory's advanced capabilities may uncover the elusive Planet Nine, reshaping our understanding of solar system dynamics.
Pluto's reclassification as a dwarf planet highlights the evolving definitions in astronomy, prompting renewed interest in discovering additional celestial bodies.
Deep dives
Understanding Planet Nine
Planet Nine is a hypothetical celestial body that may exist within our solar system, theorized to be significantly larger than Earth. Its potential existence raises intriguing questions about our understanding of solar system dynamics, especially given that there are currently only eight recognized planets. The interest in Planet Nine emerged from the odd orbits of certain distant objects in the solar system, which do not align with the orbits of known planets, suggesting a larger influence may be at play. If confirmed, this planet could reshape our geological and astronomical knowledge about our own cosmic neighborhood.
The Pluto Debate and Its Consequences
The demotion of Pluto from planet status stems from the discovery of Eris, a celestial body larger than Pluto, which triggered a re-evaluation of what qualifies as a planet based on size and orbit. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union established clear criteria that resulted in Pluto being reclassified as a dwarf planet, primarily due to its inability to clear its orbital neighborhood. This pivotal decision not only affected Pluto’s status but also laid the groundwork for the search for Planet Nine, as it indicated the existence of other large objects that could exist far from the Sun. Understanding these changes helps explain the ongoing fascination with the possibility of discovering additional planets in our solar system.
The Role of the Vera Rubin Observatory
The Vera Rubin Observatory, set to become operational soon, is expected to revolutionize our understanding of distant astronomical objects and potentially confirm the presence of Planet Nine. Equipped with the world's largest camera, the observatory will conduct sky scans that could uncover previously undetectable objects and analyze their orbits for patterns. The anticipated data will help determine if the strange trajectories of various trans-Neptunian objects indicate the gravitational influence of a hidden planet. If a significant number of such objects exhibit similar aberrant orbits, it may lend credibility to the existence of Planet Nine, providing a clearer picture of the solar system's far reaches.
Pluto was unseated as our solar system’s ninth planet in 2006. Since then astronomers have found signs that a real ninth planet could be hiding at the edges of our solar system. Clara Moskowitz, senior editor for space and physics, explains how the forthcoming Vera Rubin Observatory could give researchers a way to find the real Planet Nine—if it’s out there.
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Science Quickly is produced by Rachel Feltman, Fonda Mwangi, Kelso Harper, Madison Goldberg and Jeff DelViscio. This episode was hosted by Rachel Feltman with guest Clara Moskowitz, senior editor for space and physics. Our show is edited by Madison Goldberg with fact-checking by Emily Makowski, Shayna Posses and Aaron Shattuck. The theme music was composed by Dominic Smith.