Election Propaganda: Part 2: Modern propaganda efforts. [CSO Perspectives]
Oct 9, 2024
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Nina Jankowicz, Co-Founder and CEO of the American Sunlight Project, discusses disinformation, while Scott Small, Director of Cyber Threat Intelligence at Tidal Cyber, shares insights on election cyber interference. Renee DiResta, from Stanford's Internet Observatory, explores online manipulation. They delve into how contemporary propaganda fuels political division, particularly examining election interference by nation-states. The conversation highlights the critical need for media literacy and proactive defense strategies to safeguard democratic processes ahead of the 2024 elections.
The financial incentives of social media platforms significantly drive the spread of misinformation, complicating the public's ability to discern accurate information.
Foreign influence operations aim to polarize societies and undermine trust in electoral processes, showcasing a contemporary threat to democracies globally.
Deep dives
The Evolution of Election Propaganda
Election propaganda has evolved significantly with the advent of social media, creating a complex 'Pentad' system comprising platforms, algorithms, influencers, crowds, and media. These elements interact to perpetuate a self-sustaining cycle that drives user engagement, often leading to the spread of misinformation for profit. In this landscape, platforms like Facebook and Instagram generate enormous revenues, with Facebook alone earning over $80 billion, indicating the financial incentives behind maximizing user interactions, regardless of content accuracy. Understanding these interactions can help average citizens become more discerning consumers of information, enabling them to navigate the current propaganda environment effectively.
Recent Examples of Propaganda Influences
Contemporary examples showcase how propaganda can destabilize democracies, with notable instances including Jair Bolsonaro's claims of election rigging in Brazil, which spurred violent protests following his defeat. These tactics exploit societal divisions and undermine faith in electoral processes, evident in the storms of unrest that resulted in hundreds of injuries and significant property damage. Venezuela's Nicolás Maduro has similarly manipulated electoral narratives, portraying his contentious election as legitimate through extensive use of propaganda. Such cases emphasize that the threat of propaganda is not merely historical but a present and tangible challenge faced by nations today.
Nation-State Information Operations
Countries such as Russia, China, Iran, and North Korea engage in information operations, with Russia's tactics particularly effective in manipulating public opinion and sowing discord among Americans. The primary goal for these nation-states is not necessarily to secure a specific political outcome but to foster polarization, which distracts citizens from international issues and elevates the status of these countries on the global stage. As explored through recent events, techniques used include both disinformation campaigns and cyber interference with election infrastructure, blurring the lines between influence and interference operations. The need for vigilance against such foreign manipulation remains crucial for the health of democracies.
Challenges of Combatting Domestic Misinformation
The rise of domestic misinformation and culture war influencers has created a complex environment where even academic research faces backlash from polarized factions. High-profile experts like Nina Jankiewicz and her Stanford team have encountered aggressive opposition that curtails the ability to study and address misinformation impacts effectively. This environment shows how misinformation can cloud public perception and obstruct essential research needed to combat disinformation threats. Ultimately, citizens must be proactive in their media consumption and engage thoughtfully with information sources to mitigate the influence of the rage machine.
In preparation for the US 2024 Presidential Election, Rick Howard, N2K CyberWire’s Chief Analyst and Senior Fellow, discusses recent international propaganda efforts in the form of nation state interference and influence operations as well as domestic campaigns designed to split the target country into opposing camps. Guests include Nina Jankowicz, Co-Founder and CEO of the The American Sunlight Project and Scott Small, Director of Cyber Threat Intelligence at Tidal Cyber.