Nāgārjuna’s Teaching of Evolutionary Skill & Biology – Ep. 4
Feb 20, 2015
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Professor Thurman, a renowned expert in Buddhist philosophy and personal development, delves into the teachings of Nāgārjuna. He explores how skillful actions shape personal evolution, intertwining biology and ethics with mindfulness. The discussion highlights the crucial role of ethical living and thoughts in refining one's karma, and the unique Buddhist perspective on selfhood versus Western morality. Thurman critiques the application of universal human rights and invites listeners to reflect on the true nature of ethics and interconnectedness.
Buddhist biology emphasizes that ethical actions significantly influence individual evolution and interconnectedness through a karma-based understanding of choices.
The reinterpretation of ethical guidelines as skillful paths fosters unity and awareness, stressing the importance of mindfulness in shaping personal and collective experiences.
Deep dives
Buddhist Biology and Karma
Buddhist biology connects the understanding of life with ethical behavior, emphasizing how actions impact both self and others. Karma is explained not just as fate but as a biological theory that considers the consequences of choices made by individuals. This perspective allows for a rational analysis of actions, paralleling Darwinian principles of evolution while incorporating spiritual elements. The teachings suggest that ethical decisions can shape one's existence and evolution, reinforcing the interconnectedness of all beings.
Skillful and Unskillful Actions
Buddhist ethics is framed around the concepts of skillful and unskillful actions, emphasizing the practical implications of our behaviors. The Ten Commandments are reinterpreted as ten skillful paths of action, guiding individuals towards a life that promotes connection rather than separation. For example, actions like saving lives and practicing proper sexuality are considered skillful because they foster unity with others, while actions such as killing and stealing reinforce division. This ethical framework not only enhances individual character but also influences the broader existential landscape.
The Role of Mindfulness in Ethics
Mindfulness and awareness play a crucial role in ethical conduct, as thoughts directly influence actions and personal evolution. Negative thoughts, including violent or greedy fantasies, create harmful karma similar to actual actions, highlighting the importance of mental discipline. This contrasts with prevalent Western materialist views that downplay the significance of the mind, suggesting that mental awareness is vital for cultivating ethical behavior. Encouraging meditation and self-examination, this perspective seeks to shape a more compassionate and interconnected human experience.
In a reading of Nāgārjuna’s Jewel Rosary (Ratnāvalī), Professor Thurman discusses the skillful paths of evolutionary action performed by body, speech, and mind, presenting that these paths of evolutionary actions shape an individual’s personal evolution or devolution in an evolutionary matrix similar to that of Darwin but, adding to it voluntary individual evolution through infinite multiple lives.