Kia ora,

Welcome to Friday’s Economy Watch where we follow the economic events and trends that affect Aotearoa/New Zealand.

I'm David Chaston and this is the international edition from Interest.co.nz.

And today we lead with news US Republicans are becoming more like the CPC than they probably realise.

But first, there were 209,000 initial jobless claims in the US last week, a small decrease from the prior week but less of a decrease seasonal factors would have assumed. That resulted in the widely reported seasonally adjusted level to jump to its highest in eight months. There are now 1.757 mln people on these benefits, almost +100,000 more than at this time last year.

That level may grow. The Challenger job cut report came in with another outsized count for May, and were up +47% over the same in 2024. They say layoff activity is now spreading to other sectors than just the Federal government.

US exports rose slightly in April, enough to claim an all-time record high. And as expected, actually a bit more than expected, US imports fell sharply after the March pre-tariff splurge. The average of March and April was about the same level they recorded in each of January and February 2025. For April 2025, the US$350 bln in imports were little-different to the April 2024 level of US$340 bln. It only looks like a big drop because of all the front-loading generated by tariff-tax uncertainty.

We should note that US data reliability may become more like Chinese data - heavily influenced by politics. In a random note, the BLS said it isn't going to survey prices as deeply anymore, which could mean "inflation" will be what the Administration says it is. They are also shifting that statistics agency to be under Howard Lutnick's control. And the Republicans have gone on the attack at the bipartisan Congressional Budget Office for saying their new Budget will swell their deficit by US$2.4 tln. The employees who released that are being laid off. They will be replaced with more compliant analysts.

Meanwhile, there has been a phone call between China president Xi and US President Trump. But is seems to have achieved little other than agreement for more talks. However, mutual visits are a likely result, and the set-piece opportunities may give Xi an opportunity to get Trump to "chicken out".

North of the border, Canadian exports fell more than -10% while their imports fell -3.5% in April. Again, the same trade and tariff-war factors are at play here, and that has resulted in a record trade deficit for them.

In China, the Caixin China General Services PMI rose in May from April’s seven-month low and in line with market forecasts of only a very modest expansion. This survey shows a small uptick in new business and activity, despite a renewed decline in new export orders. New export orders fell for the first time in 2025, dampened by Trump's tariffs. The official Chinese services PMI also showed a modest expansion, one weaker than this Caixin version.

In Taiwan, their inflation rate eased to 1.6% in May from 2.0% in April, and that is its lowest rate since March 2021. They are back to about what it was running in the years prior to the pandemic.

Singapore released April retail sales data and that showed virtually no expansion there. Over the past six months, their retail activity has been quite unstable in its ups and downs.

As expected, the ECB cut its key interest rates by -25 bps at its overnight meeting, to 2.15%. Updated inflation and economic forecasts show eurozone inflation is near their 2% target, with projections showing 2.0% in 2025 (vs 2.3% previously), 1.6% in 2026 (vs 1.9% previously), and 2.0% in 2027. They say their expansion is being held back by global events but all the same they see their combined economy expanding slightly faster over the next three years.

Australia's exports rose +2.1% in April from the same month a year ago. Their imports were up +3.5% on the same basis. The result was a sharp weakening in their merchandise trade surplus, as you might have expected. It would have been worse if their gold exports had not come in +48% higher than year ago levels in April. The longer term view of the year to April 2025 compared to the year to April 2024 saw exports down -5.2% and imports up +2.7% showing the balance is tightening over the longer term too.

Household spending in Australia in April was flat. But spending on recreational and cultural activities, health, and dining out contributed to a +1.5% rise in services spending, while spending on goods fell by -1.1%, with households buying less clothing and footwear and new vehicles.

Last week, container freight rates jumped an outsized +41% from the prior week, with capacity struggling to cope with the sudden Trump tariff-tax pause and a new rush to beat what might happen in 90 days. It was impossible for shipping lines to adjust capacity for this unexpected shift. The largest rises were trans-Pacific rises, up almost +60%. Despite that, these container freight rates are now -25% lower than year-ago levels, although those year ago levels were in a sharp upswing that ran to mid-July 2024. Bulk cargo rates are also on the move up, gaining +9.5% in the past week.

The UST 10yr yield is now at 4.39%, and up +4 bps from yesterday.

Wall Street is weaker with the S&P500 down -0.7% in Thursday trade as confidence in public policy fades in a sudden Trump/Musk slanging match.

The price of gold will start today at US$3,352/oz, and down -US$28 from yesterday.

American oil prices are up +50 USc at just over US$63/bbl while the international Brent price is up the same at just over US$65/bbl.

The Kiwi dollar is still at 60.4 USc, essentially unchanged from yesterday at this time. Against the Aussie we are also unchanged at just under 92.8 AUc. Against the euro we are up +10 bps at 52.9 euro cents. That all means our TWI-5 starts today at just on 68.3 and up +10 bps from yesterday.

The bitcoin price starts today at US$103,373 and down -1.6% from yesterday. Volatility over the past 24 hours has been modest at just under +/-1.2%.

You can get more news affecting the economy in New Zealand from interest.co.nz.

Kia ora. I'm David Chaston. And we will do this again on Monday.

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