Infinity – The Very Short Introductions Podcast – Episode 65
May 4, 2023
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Ian Stewart, Emeritus Professor of Mathematics at Warwick University and acclaimed writer, delves into the fascinating world of infinity. He introduces playful examples that show how children's views of numbers illuminate the concept's endlessness. The discussion traces the philosophical roots of infinity, connecting ancient Greek thought to modern mathematics. Notable highlights include Aristotle's distinction between potential and actual infinity and Cantor's groundbreaking insights into the sizes of infinity, revealing its profound implications across multiple disciplines.
Infinity can be initially understood through counting games, revealing the endless nature of whole numbers and mathematical potential.
Historical inquiries by philosophers like Zeno and Aristotle profoundly shaped our understanding of infinity, influencing modern mathematics and its applications.
Deep dives
Understanding Infinity Through Childhood Play
The notion of infinity can be initially grasped by children during simple counting games, where they continually name larger numbers, ultimately realizing there's no largest number. This highlights the concept that the set of whole numbers is infinite, as children can always add one more to any number. The playful exploration of this concept leads to intriguing discussions about the nature of infinity and its complexities. The idea that there is no 'biggest number' introduces the notion of infinite potential within mathematics.
Philosophical and Historical Perspectives on Infinity
Historical inquiries into infinity began with ancient philosophers like Anaximander and Zeno, who explored its mysterious aspects through concepts such as aperon and his famous paradoxes. Zeno's paradoxes, especially Achilles and the tortoise, demonstrate the perplexing implications of infinites in motion and the challenges of reconciling them with reality. Aristotle's distinction between actual and potential infinity further enriches this discourse, suggesting that we can conceptually understand infinite processes but never fully buy into the existence of a complete, actual infinity. These early philosophical musings laid the groundwork for later mathematical developments regarding infinity.
Infinity's Impact on Mathematics and Beyond
Infinity plays a crucial role in calculus, which relies on the concepts of infinitely small quantities and helps solve real-world problems, from designing cars to landing spacecraft. This mathematical foundation has allowed scientists and engineers to apply these principles in practical applications, leading to significant advancements in technology and understanding the universe. The exploration of infinity also extends into art, where Renaissance painters applied mathematical perspectives to depict depth and realism. Moreover, the intriguing discovery that some infinities are larger than others, as shown by Cantor's work, emphasizes the ongoing relevance of infinity in mathematics, physics, and philosophy.
Ian Stewart is Emeritus Professor of Mathematics at Warwick University. He is a well-known and highly successful writer on mathematics and its applications and has authored over 80 books including Symmetry: A Very Short Introduction (OUP, 2013), and the bestselling series The Science of Discworld I, II, III, and IV with Terry Pratchett and Jack Cohen.