Stuart Elden, "The Early Foucault" (Polity Press, 2021)
Jan 3, 2025
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In this discussion, Stuart Elden, a Professor of Political Theory and Geography at the University of Warwick, navigates the early years of Michel Foucault. Elden reveals how new archival material sheds light on Foucault's intellectual development, influenced by key mentors in post-war Paris. He highlights Foucault's struggles and transformations in his early work leading to 'The History of Madness'. The conversation also touches on Foucault's disillusionment with psychiatry and pivotal moments that shaped his trajectory, painting a compelling picture of his formative influences.
Stuart Elden's exploration of Foucault's early career highlights the significant influences of thinkers like Sartre and Merleau-Ponty on his intellectual development.
The rigorous archival research revealed critical insights into Foucault's formative ideas, linking his early struggles to the groundbreaking themes in The History of Madness.
Deep dives
Exploring Foucault's Early Career
Foucault's early career from the mid-1940s to 1961 is examined, highlighting his intellectual development during this period. His education in Paris and influences from prominent figures such as Jean-Paul Sartre and Maurice Merleau-Ponty shaped his academic direction. Foucault's limited publications in the 1950s and his eventual leap to The History of Madness in 1961 signify a notable shift in his scholarly work. This period marks the transition from his struggles with traditional academia to a more profound engagement with philosophical inquiry and institutional critique.
Archival Research and Discovery
The podcast discusses the rigorous archival research that enabled a comprehensive examination of Foucault's early work, with many previously unavailable materials becoming accessible in recent years. Foucault's papers found in his mother's house, including personal notes from his student days, provided crucial insights into his formative ideas and methodologies. The meticulous process of reviewing these documents allowed for a deeper understanding of the connections between Foucault's early thoughts and his later groundbreaking works. This extensive archival investigation emphasizes the significance of historical context in assessing Foucault's intellectual development.
The Significance of 'The History of Madness'
The History of Madness stands out as a pivotal moment in Foucault's career, encapsulating his ambitious exploration of the relationship between madness and societal norms. This work not only showcased a significant leap in Foucault's analytical depth and scholarly ambition but also set the groundwork for key themes in his later writings. Foucault's examination of incarceration, knowledge, and sexuality within this text reveals the complex interplay between power and discourse that characterizes his philosophy. The impact of this thesis on subsequent intellectual thought reiterates its vital role in understanding the evolution of Foucault's ideas.
Transitioning to the Next Phase of Foucault's Work
The discussion hints at the forthcoming publication covering Foucault's work from The Birth of the Clinic to The Archaeology of Knowledge, providing a cohesive narrative spanning his intellectual journey. This upcoming volume aims to illuminate Foucault's major 1960s publications and their interrelation, complemented by insights from archival materials. It highlights the dynamic nature of Foucault's scholarly output, marked by various projects and ideas that were often modified or abandoned. The podcast concludes with a sense of anticipation for how these works will enhance the understanding of Foucault's contributions to philosophy and critical theory.
What were the key ideas and influences on Michel Foucault’s early career? In The Early Foucault (Polity Press, 2021),Stuart Elden, Professor of Political Theory and Geography at the University of Warwick and author of the Progressive Geographies blog, charts Foucault’s formative intellectual years leading up to the publication of the ground-breaking The History of Madness. The book uses a range of new archival material, much of which has been only recently accessible, to show the influence of teachers, mentors, and colleagues, as well as Foucault’s practice as an academic and writer during the 1950s and early 1960s. Telling the story of the possible intellectual trajectories, in psychology and philosophy, Foucault might have followed, along with a clear examination of the roots of his later work, the book is essential reading across the humanities and social sciences.
Dave O'Brien is Chancellor's Fellow, Cultural and Creative Industries, at the University of Edinburgh's College of Art.