
New Books Network Benjamin Balthaser, "Citizens of the Whole World: Anti-Zionism and the Cultures of the American Jewish Left" (Verso Books, 2025)
Nov 30, 2025
In a thought-provoking discussion, Benjamin Balthaser, an associate professor specializing in radical U.S. literature, explores the surge in American Jewish activism for Palestinian liberation. He traces roots of anti-Zionism back to the 1930s, highlighting the legacy of Jewish radicals and their critiques of nationalism and imperialism. Balthaser emphasizes the importance of Jewish solidarity with Black activists during the Civil Rights era and discusses how contemporary movements can learn from historical struggles to encourage new coalition building.
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Jewish Left Dominated Early 20th Century Politics
- The American Jewish left in the 1920s–40s was broadly social democratic and anti-Zionist.
- Zionism was seen as nationalist, imperialist, and contrary to anti-racist labor politics.
Anti-Zionism Rooted in Anti-Fascist Solidarity
- 1930s Jewish leftists linked anti-fascism, anti-racism, and labor solidarity in opposing Zionism.
- They criticized the Yishuv as Jim Crow–like and rejected nationalism as akin to fascism.
1967 War Shifted U.S. Political Alignment
- The Six-Day War (1967) pivoted U.S. politics to robust pro-Israel support and changed leftist alignments.
- The 1960s New Left reframed Palestinians as anti-imperial actors, tying anti-Zionism to critique of U.S. empire.








