Novara FM: When Does A Crowd Become A Mob? w/ Dan Hancox
Oct 10, 2024
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In this discussion, journalist and author Dan Hancox, known for his work with The Guardian and The New York Times, explores our complex relationship with crowds. He delves into how historical fear of mass gatherings, shaped by Gustave Le Bon's theories, still influences modern perceptions. Hancox discusses the revival of communal joy post-COVID, the implications of policing tactics like kettling on protests, and the intricate dynamics of crowd behavior during significant events, making a case for their role in fostering democratic ideals.
Dan Hancox explores the historical suspicion surrounding crowds, often viewed negatively due to theories like Le Bon's, which lacked empirical support.
The transformative role of crowds in shaping modernity is highlighted through examples of civil unrest, political expression, and cultural festivals.
Policing strategies have evolved alongside crowd behavior, emphasizing the necessity for compassionate approaches to prevent violence and ensure safety in gatherings.
Deep dives
The Longing for Crowds in Isolation
The collective longing for public gatherings during the COVID lockdowns highlighted the fundamental human need for crowd experiences. Individuals missed not only their loved ones but also the vibrant energy of being part of a larger group, such as at concerts, festivals, and protests. While many sought to recreate this sense of togetherness through online proxies, these virtual interactions often fell short of true human connection. This raises the question of why crowds are often viewed negatively, despite their crucial role in shaping communal life and societal experiences.
Historical Suspicion of Crowds
The historical viewpoint surrounding crowds has been shaped by a deep-seated suspicion, particularly since the Industrial Revolution. Events such as civil unrest were frequently characterized by the fear that individuals lose their rationality when part of a group. This perception was significantly influenced by the works of crowd theorists like Gustave Le Bon, who described crowds as chaotic and volatile, suggesting that they often lead to negative outcomes. This legacy of fear and mistrust continues to impact how we perceive mass gatherings in society today.
The Role of Crowd Experiences in Modernity
Crowd experiences played a critical role in the development of modernity, coinciding with the rise of urbanization and shifts in social dynamics. The growth of cities led to unprecedented opportunities for collective gatherings, creating spaces for political expression and social movements. The transformative power of crowds can be seen in various historical events, including protests and cultural festivals, where communities gather to voice their demands and celebrate their identities. Understanding this intertwined relationship can inform our perspectives on the importance of civic participation in contemporary society.
Policing and Its Impact on Crowd Dynamics
The evolution of policing strategies has consistently interacted with crowd behavior, particularly evident in football spectating. Football crowds have historically been subject to intense scrutiny and restrictive policing measures, a trend that reached a peak with tragedies like the Hillsborough disaster. The perception of football fans as inherently violent contributed to these harsh tactics, reflecting broader societal biases towards working-class gatherings. However, there is a growing acknowledgment that more compassionate policing methods can de-escalate tension and foster a safer environment for public gatherings.
Collective Joy and Its Complexities
The experience of collective joy shared in large gatherings can be transformative, yet it coexists with darker emotional currents that may emerge in communal settings. Heightened emotional states experienced in crowds, such as during sporting events, can sometimes lead to negative behaviors, including violence against intimate partners. This paradox touches on how collective experiences both unify and can fragment societal norms around acceptable behavior. The challenge lies in nurturing the positive aspects of communal joy while addressing the underlying social issues that may precipitate negative outcomes.
The English language is full of pejoratives for large groups of people: mob mentality. Herd behaviour. Crowd contagion. Much of this apprehension stems from one of the most influential works of psychology ever written, Gustave Le Bon’s The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind. Unfortunately, Le Bon’s big idea – that crowds produce derangement […]
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