In this episode, we take a foundational look at textual criticism—the study of how the biblical text has been transmitted over time. Before we can confidently engage with Scripture, we must understand how it was copied, preserved, and passed down through history. Were there mistakes? What kinds of errors appear in manuscripts, and how do scholars identify and evaluate them? What materials were used for copying the Bible? What were the characteristics of the scribes who preserved the text before the invention of the printing press? And what about modern Bible versions—can we trust them?