Episode 11: Offensive Security Testing Part 1 - Internal Pentesting
Oct 12, 2022
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Dive into the world of internal penetration testing, where the focus shifts from traditional methods to real-world attack simulations. Discover how access control misconfigurations can be exploited and the critical importance of user behavior in security assessments. Learn about essential tools like Bloodhound and Pincastle, which help identify vulnerabilities in Active Directory. The conversation also highlights best practices for preparing effective penetration tests, such as thorough vulnerability assessments and robust security measures.
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Quick takeaways
Internal penetration testing aims to uncover vulnerabilities in an organization’s network by simulating attacks within a set timeframe.
Assume Breach testing provides a realistic assessment of an organization's defenses by simulating scenarios where attackers have already gained access.
Deep dives
Understanding Internal Penetration Testing
Internal penetration testing involves simulating attacks on an organization's internal network to identify vulnerabilities within a specific timeframe. The process often includes deploying a testing device, such as a Kali laptop, to probe the network for weaknesses. This method aims to uncover as many security flaws as possible before the time expires. Unlike Assume Breach testing, which starts from a compromised perspective, traditional internal tests focus on general network vulnerabilities and may overlook the security posture of individual endpoints.
Assume Breach Testing and Its Practical Implications
Assume Breach testing takes a more realistic approach by simulating scenarios where attackers have already gained a foothold within the network, such as through a phishing attack. This type of testing evaluates the effectiveness of endpoint security measures and provides insights into whether an organization's defenses can detect and respond to real-world threats. For instance, findings may reveal misconfigurations in antivirus settings or discover overly permissive access controls that can lead to further security breaches. The emphasis lies in assessing the actual response of security systems against deliberate actions that a real attacker might perform.
Key Findings and Recommendations from Penetration Tests
Common findings from both internal testing methods include plain text credentials on file shares, which have been noted to lead to domain admin access in a significant majority of cases. Active Directory configurations are often scrutinized for misconfigurations that could expose sensitive data, with tools like Bloodhound used to map user privileges and permissions. Another frequent issue involves the principle of least privilege, where users are granted excessive rights that could be exploited by attackers. Recommendations generally advocate for stricter access controls and periodic reviews of security configurations to fortify the organization's defenses.
This is part 1 of a multi-episode series where the Offsec group at SecurIT360 dives into the details of various Offensive Security Tests, what they mean, what to expect, war stories and much more!