Ep. 46 | China’s Dominance of Commercial Maritime Industry Should Serve as a Warning
Aug 18, 2022
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Michael Roberts, an expert in maritime security and strategy, joins the discussion to reveal China's overwhelming dominance in the global shipping industry. He highlights the decline of the American maritime sector and its implications for national security. The conversation probes into the dangers posed by flags of convenience and abandoned vessels. It also critiques the legacy of free trade policies, weighing economic growth against national security, and advocates for urgent reforms to revitalize American maritime interests.
China's control over the global commercial maritime industry undermines American national security and calls for urgent policy reforms.
The decline of American shipbuilding is exacerbated by unfavorable policies and highlights the need for a competitive international maritime strategy.
Deep dives
The Decline of the American Maritime Industry
The American maritime industry has experienced significant decline over the past 50 years, with stark competition arising from China, which is actively constructing over 1,500 ships compared to the mere five being built in the U.S. This shift signifies a critical turning point in both industrial policy and national security, as the imbalance in maritime capacity can have far-reaching implications for American interests. Discussions surrounding this decline often highlight changes in policy that have affected the historical prominence of American shipbuilding and shipping companies. The situation raises essential questions about how the U.S. can regain its status as a maritime leader while addressing the challenges posed by foreign competitors.
The Importance of the Jones Act
The Jones Act mandates that cargo moved between U.S. points be carried on American-built and owned ships, which proponents argue is crucial for protecting national security. Critics of the Act often mischaracterize it as purely protectionist, but it aims to ensure that American vessels follow U.S. laws, pay taxes, and hire American workers in domestic trade. The Act's defenders assert that without such regulations, control over vital shipping lanes could fall into the hands of foreign powers, raising concerns about the potential for geopolitical vulnerabilities. Understanding the Jones Act is essential in discussions about commercial shipping and its implications for both economic health and national security.
The Disparity in Global Ownership and Registration
Currently, American ownership comprises only a minuscule percentage of global shipping, drastically lagging behind nations like China and Greece. This situation arises from various policy decisions, including unfavorable tax regulations that disincentivized U.S. companies from maintaining ownership and registering ships in America. Moreover, a significant portion of the global fleet is registered under flags of convenience, which has led to the loss of regulatory oversight and accountability in shipping operations. The need for reform is evident as new frameworks are explored to increase American competitiveness in international shipping markets.
Rebuilding National Maritime Capability
To counter the current maritime imbalance, there is a pressing need for the United States to develop a robust and competitive international maritime strategy that ensures control over supply chains and enhances national security. Advocates posit that a shift towards policies similar to those that have effectively regulated international aviation could help revitalize the American maritime industry. Collaboration between government and major U.S. corporations is vital for scaling shipbuilding capabilities and addressing supply chain vulnerabilities. The overarching goal is to create a sustainable approach to maritime security that bolsters both economic interests and national resilience against foreign dominance.
Michael Doran hosts Hudson Institute Adjunct Fellow, Michael Roberts, to investigate the place of the United States in the global commercial maritime industry. Not only does China dominate the production of ships, but also largely controls shipping operations around the world. Doran and Roberts discuss the roots of the imbalance, its significance for American national security and the economic health of the United States, and the kinds of policies that will redress it.
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