From Date Palms to Alfalfa: How Arizona became fertile ground for Saudi farms
Aug 28, 2024
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Discover the intriguing historical ties between Arizona and the Middle East that began with a camel program in the 1800s. Delve into the state's agricultural journey, including the rise of date palms and the competition with California. Learn about Saudi Arabia's significant land acquisitions in Arizona and the ensuing water scarcity concerns. Explore the intricate web of water regulations and the challenges posed by foreign agricultural interests. The discussion unveils critical issues surrounding land ownership and sustainable farming practices.
High Jolly's historical contributions exemplify Arizona's early connections with the Middle East through innovative agricultural practices and cultural exchanges.
The recent influx of Saudi investments in Arizona agriculture underscores the critical challenges of water management and sustainability in arid regions.
Deep dives
High Jolly and the Camel Experiment
High Jolly, originally named Philip Tedro, is a significant historical figure buried in the High Jolly Cemetery in Quartzsite, Arizona. He was a skilled camel handler who contributed to the U.S. Army Camel Corps, an initiative in the 1800s to use camels for transportation in the arid Southwest. After the experiment ended, High Jolly remained in Arizona, working as a prospector and courier until his death in 1902. His life exemplifies the early connections between Arizona and the Middle East, demonstrating the exchange of agricultural practices and ideas that has influenced both regions.
Arizona's Date Industry and International Ties
The University of Arizona played a pivotal role in establishing a domestic date industry in the Southwestern U.S., motivated by the high demand for sugar alternatives in the late 19th century. Initial efforts to cultivate dates began as part of agricultural experiments aimed at improving local farming practices. As Arizona sought to develop its agricultural capabilities, it became a site for experimentation on crops better suited to the desert climate, including dates that thrived in the region. This initiative not only linked Arizona to the Middle East through the cultivation of date palms but also laid the groundwork for future agricultural exchanges.
Water Resource Challenges and Foreign Investment
In recent years, La Paz County has become a focal point for foreign investment in agriculture, particularly from Saudi-backed companies like Fonda Monte. These companies have acquired extensive land for the cultivation of water-intensive crops, raising concerns among residents about the depletion of local water sources. The lack of stringent regulations on groundwater tapping allows these foreign entities to drill as many wells as they wish, leading to significant drops in local water levels over time. As communities grapple with dwindling resources, the implications of foreign agriculture operations in arid regions like Arizona highlight the ongoing complexities of water management and sustainability.
The history of Arizona's relationship with Saudi Arabia and the Arabian peninsula starts with a pre-Civil-War military program involving camels run by Jefferson Davis. It went on to involve the state's first college professor, an attempt to launch a new cash crop that became a common tree in the state, and much more. All of that lead to the most recent chapter, when monarchs began seeing Arizona as a place to grow thirsty crops like alfalfa as they exploited weak water laws in the state's rural places.
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