Farm animals show their smarts, and how honeyguide birds lead humans to hives
Dec 7, 2023
auto_awesome
Researchers study cognition in farm animals in Germany. Honeyguide birds have distinct signals for different human honey hunters. The cooperative relationship between humans and honeyguide birds is explored, showcasing cultural co-evolution.
Farm animals, including goats, cows, and pigs, have cognitive abilities and can solve visual puzzles and form social bonds.
Honeyguide birds and human honey hunters have a cultural coevolution, with honeyguides learning and responding to specific signals used by humans.
Deep dives
Understanding Cognition in Farm Animals
Researchers in northern Germany are studying cognition in farm animals such as goats, pigs, and cows. The facility they visited, the Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology, aims to understand how the minds of livestock animals work and why knowledge about their cognitive abilities is limited. The researchers are exploring basic questions about emotions, memory, and social intelligence in farm animals. They have found that animals like goats can solve visual puzzles, remember sequences of images, and form social bonds with other cows. The research highlights the need to consider the mental and emotional lives of these animals and potentially improve their welfare on farms.
The Fascinating Relationship Between Honey Guides and Humans
Honey guides, a family of birds in Africa, have a unique collaboration with humans known as honey hunters. Honey guides lead honey hunters to bees' nests, and in return, humans share the honey and wax. This relationship is built on communication, as honey guides use specific chattering calls to attract humans and indicate the location of bees' nests. Humans, in turn, use various signals, including whistling melodies and other vocal sounds, to initiate and maintain cooperation. The study suggests that honey guides learn and respond to the specific signals used in different regions, indicating a cultural connection and potentially co-evolution between species.
Investigating the Cognitive Abilities of Goats
Researchers at the Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology in northern Germany have been studying the cognitive abilities of goats. These animals have shown remarkable skills in visual learning and memory tasks. They can distinguish between similar images on a screen, remember image sequences, and navigate visual cognitive paradigms. The research also highlights the importance of enrichment and mental stimulation for farm animals, suggesting that providing puzzles and tasks for goats can enhance their well-being and overall cognitive abilities.
The Intriguing Interaction Between Honey Guides and Honey Hunters
Honey guides, a group of birds in Africa, exhibit a fascinating relationship with honey hunters. By using specialized calls, both the birds and humans collaborate to find and access bees' nests. Honey guides attract attention through chattering calls, while humans use specific signals like whistled melodies or vocal sounds to initiate interaction. The birds benefit from receiving wax, a calorie-rich food that they can digest, while humans get access to the honey and wax inside the nests. This unique collaboration demonstrates the interplay between communication, cooperation, and mutual benefit in the natural world.
A look at cognition in livestock, and the coevolution of wild bird–human cooperation
This week we have two stories on thinking and learning in animals. First, Online News Editor David Grimm talks with host Sarah Crespi about a reporting trip to the Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology in northern Germany, where scientists are studying cognition in farm animals, including goats, cows, and pigs. And because freelance audio producer Kevin Caners went along, we have lots of sound from the trip—so prepare yourself for moos and more.
Next, audio producer Katherine Irving talks with Claire Spottiswoode, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Cambridge, about her research into cooperation between honeyguide birds and human honey hunters. In their Science study, Spottiswoode and her team found honeyguides learn distinct signals made by honey hunters from different cultures suggesting that cultural coevolution has occurred.