Laurence Devillairs : "Oubliez Descartes en pantoufles, pensez-le en action"

Publié en 1637, 'Discours de la méthode' est une œuvre majeure de la philosophie moderne. Descartes y expose sa méthode de doute systématique pour établir des connaissances certaines, introduisant des concepts fondamentaux tels que 'Je pense, donc je suis' et discutant de la distinction entre l'esprit et le corps. Le texte aborde également des thèmes scientifiques, moraux et métaphysiques, et propose une morale provisoire basée sur sa méthode. Il s'agit d'une introduction à ses autres travaux scientifiques, notamment 'La Dioptrique', 'Les Météores' et 'La Géométrie'

Written in Latin between AD 397 and 400, 'Confessions' is a blend of autobiography, philosophy, theology, and critical exegesis of the Christian Bible. The first nine books are autobiographical, tracing Augustine's life from his birth to his conversion to Catholicism. He recounts his sinful youth, his involvement with Manicheism and Neoplatonism, and his eventual conversion in a Milanese garden. The last four books focus on philosophical and theological issues, including memory, time, eternity, and the interpretation of the Book of Genesis. The work is structured as a series of prayers to God, reflecting Augustine's journey of redemption and his understanding of God's grace and providence.

The 'Pensées' is an unfinished work by Blaise Pascal, intended as a comprehensive defense of the Christian faith. It consists of fragments and notes that Pascal was compiling before his death in 1662. The work is characterized by its psychological and philosophical approach, particularly evident in Pascal's Wager, which argues for the rationality of believing in God. Pascal's writing highlights the contradictions and complexities of human nature, emphasizing both the wretchedness and greatness of humanity. The 'Pensées' also critiques skepticism and underscores the importance of seeking spiritual truth beyond mere reason.