Douglas Harper, proprietor of the Online Etymology Dictionary, brings his expertise to the table. They dive into the playful origins of words, revealing humorous stories that showcase language's evolution. Harper clarifies the nuances between 'dependence' and 'dependency' while also tackling the challenges of tongue twisters and brain function. Engaging in a fun game of 'Related or Not,' they explore linguistic connections and the complexities of etymology, offering a delightful journey through the quirks of language.
Douglas Harper shares his unexpected pathway to creating Etym Online, attributing its success to luck and personal passion rather than financial motives.
The podcast discusses folk etymologies, highlighting how playful misinterpretations by children can impact language evolution and community acceptance.
Harper explores the complexities of tracing word origins, noting how the limitations of historical records complicate our understanding of past language usage.
Deep dives
The Accidental Success of Etym Online
Douglas Harper discusses the unexpected journey that led to the creation of Etym Online, the online etymology dictionary. He describes the success as an incident of luck rather than a planned outcome, likening it to stumbling upon an oil gusher while muskrat hunting. This serendipitous event allowed him to support researchers who, like him, are passionate about exploring language origins without substantial funding. Despite recognizing the monetary side of the venture, he emphasizes that his motivations are rooted more in personal interest than financial gain.
Folk Etymologies and Their Place in Language
The conversation touches on the concept of folk etymologies, which arise when people create informal explanations for word origins that often diverge from actual historical roots. These reimagined definitions can sometimes gain traction and become accepted within a language community. Harper elaborates on the fascinating nature of how adolescents and children interpret terms, such as 'hand burgers' instead of hamburgers. He posits that although these interpretations may not be scientifically valid, they reflect a playful engagement with language that can shape its evolution over time.
Scarcity of Historical Word Origins
A discussion arises around the limitations of finding the earliest recorded instances of words, where Harper clarifies that the first written occurrence of a word does not imply that it was the first spoken usage. He mentions that factors such as the survival of manuscripts and different linguistic sources add layers of complexity to tracing word histories. For example, he notes that significant gaps exist in historical linguistics before modern media proliferated, making it challenging to ascertain actual word usage from earlier centuries. This limitation often leads to uncertainty in academic linguistics regarding how language was used in the past.
Etymology of Words Reflects Cultural Changes
The episode examines the practice of renaming or avoiding words with negative connotations or problematic histories. Harper expresses skepticism about effectiveness, noting that attempts to ban words often fail as people find ways to work around restrictions. This insight leads to reflections on how names and terms can carry histories that may change over time due to societal shifts. He emphasizes that the meaning of words can evolve based on public sentiment and the contexts in which they are used or spoken.
Similarities in How Languages Express Reason
The podcast highlights the intriguing parallel between expressions for 'why' and 'because' in various languages, notably in Auslan, where both are conveyed with a similar sign. This overlap is not uncommon; some language families even feature identical terms in different contexts. For instance, in Spanish, both terms are expressed with variations of 'por,' illustrating how functionality within language can lead to similar linguistic structures despite diverse origins. This phenomenon emphasizes the unity of expression in conveying reasoning across cultures.
We're joined for the first time by Douglas Harper, proprietor of the world-renowned Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com). He's here to help us with our Mailbag questions, and even test us in a game of Related or Not.
In our Mailbag this time:
What's the difference between DEPENDENCE and DEPENDENCY?
Why is TONGUE spelled that way?
What does it mean if reciting a tongue twister in your mind is just as hard as saying it out loud?
Why is STYGIAN the adjective form of the River Styx?
Why are WHY and BECAUSE the same in some languages?
Timestamps
Cold open: 0:00
Intros: 2:01
Questions for Douglas Harper: 9:16
Mailbag questions 1: 24:00
Related or Not: 41:24
Mailbag questions 2: 1:03:20
Comments: 1:14:18
The Reads: 1:18:00
Outtakes: 1:22:47
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