In this episode, Ryan talks to Dr. Dimitar Bechev about his recent book, "Turkey Under Erdogan: How a Country Turned from Democracy and the West". Dr. Bechev begins by contextualizing how Erdogan came to power, noting the liberalization of the 80s. He then discuses the political landscape in Turkey and critical power centers. The conversation then moves to how Turkey's democracy has been undermined by authoritarianism and whether there is reason for optimism in the upcoming election. The episode concludes with a discussion of Turkey's foreign policy, relationship with the West, and what the future may hold.