Explore the birth of the modern concept of facts through the clash between Thomas Hobbes and Robert Boyle. Discover how their battle shaped our understanding of objective truth. Dive into the interconnection of knowledge and social order, and the clash of scientific philosophies between Boyle's experimentation and Hobbes' medieval assumptions.
The concept of objective scientific facts was born out of the conflict between Thomas Hobbes and Robert Boyle, emphasizing the importance of replicable experiments for factual knowledge.
The evolving understanding of science by historians emphasizes the contextual interpretation of scientific developments, moving away from linear progress narratives towards a more nuanced approach.
Deep dives
The Clash of Perspectives: Boyle and Hobbes on the Birth of Facts
The podcast delves into the historical conflict between Thomas Hobbes and Robert Boyle, highlighting their differing views on the concept of facts. Boyle, a pioneer in experimental scientific methods using the air pump, believed in objective scientific facts based on replicable experiments. In contrast, Hobbes was skeptical of factual knowledge derived from experiments, emphasizing the influence of social construction on perceived truths.
Historical Evolution of Scientific Interpretations
The discussion shifts to the evolving understanding of science by historians over time. Initially viewing science as a progress-driven endeavor, modern historians have adopted a more relativistic approach, emphasizing the historical context of scientific knowledge. Scholars like Herbert Butterfield challenged the linear narrative of scientific progress, advocating for a more nuanced and contextual interpretation of scientific developments.
Boyle's Epistemological Innovation and Recognition of Objective Facts
Robert Boyle's groundbreaking contribution to modern science is highlighted, particularly his emphasis on objective facts and scientific rigor. Boyle's insistence on replication of results, peer review, and the separation of experimental facts from causal explanations exemplifies his pioneering epistemological approach. The podcast underscores Boyle's commitment to factual discovery and his recognition of the importance of civility and reasoned argument in fostering an environment conducive to objective understanding.
Today, we explore the origin of the modern concept of a fact.
We take facts for granted, but they represent an invaluable intellectual technology less than 400 years old, which was forged in a fight between two of history’s brightest thinkers battling over the best way to rescue their society from the madness of medieval barbarism.
There is a book that gives us a front row seat to that fight: Leviathan and the Air Pump, published by the historians of science Steve Shapin and Simon Schaffer. It covers the conflict between the Scientific Revolutionaries Thomas Hobbes and Robert Boyle concerning how new knowledge could and should be created, and out of which the concept of an objective fact as we now know it was born.