This podcast explores the 19th century obsession with Mount Vesuvius, discussing its influence on poets, tourists, and statesmen. It highlights the connection between erupting volcanoes and aesthetics. It delves into the trade, fashion, and commercialism that developed from the excavations at Pompeii and Herculaneum. It explores the process of naming and distinguishing mountains and the impact of new scientific ideas on society. It discusses the conflicting perspectives on volcanoes as a source of sadness and inspiration. It also explores the transition from religion to science and geology.
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Quick takeaways
Mount Vesuvius's allure and impact on poets, tourists, and statesmen in the 19th century spawned scientific disciplines, artistic innovations, and provocative experiences like nude intracrater picnics.
Vesuvius's eruption and ancient remains became powerful symbols for political revolutions and inspired various cultural movements, influencing art, design, and the study of volcanology and ancient civilizations.
Deep dives
Vesuvius as a Tourist Destination
Mount Vesuvius has been a popular tourist destination since the 18th century, attracting visitors who were drawn to its unique volcanic landscape. Initially, climbing the mountain was a challenging task, but it later became a curated experience with the help of mules and guides. Visitors would gather at the Hermitage, an inn situated about 600 meters above sea level. John Brewer's book explores the experience of these early tourists through surviving visitors' books from the 1820s, revealing how visitors shared their impressions, wrote poetry, and sometimes expressed disappointment.
The Sublime and the Romantic Imagination
During the 18th century, the concept of the sublime emerged, combining elements of beauty, awe, and terror. This idea, made popular by philosopher Edmund Burke, suggested that certain experiences, such as witnessing an erupting volcano like Vesuvius, could be both thrilling and terrifying. The romantic era further explored this notion, with poets like Percy Shelley and Lord Byron using volcanoes as powerful metaphors for political upheavals, particularly the French Revolution. The idea of the sublime and being aesthetically pleased by danger and terror played a significant role in how Vesuvius was perceived.
The Spectacle and Symbolism of Vesuvius
Vesuvius was not just a natural spectacle, but also a key symbol for various historical and cultural movements. The eruption of the volcano became a powerful metaphor for political revolutions and upheavals. The visual representation of Vesuvius, whether through dioramas or dramatic reconstructions in the theater, captivated the imagination of the public. The fascination extended to the art world, where ancient artifacts from Pompeii and Herculaneum influenced interior design and fashion trends. The eruption of Vesuvius and the remains of the ancient city became a source of inspiration for artistss, writers, and scholars alike, propelling the study of volcanology and the exploration of ancient civilizations.
Vesuvius and the Evolution of Geological Study
Vesuvius played a crucial role in the evolution of geological study and the understanding of deep time. Scientists like Dolomiahs, dedicated their lives to studying volcanoes and collecting specimens. As geology progressed, the age of the Earth and the concept of deep time began to challenge religious beliefs and notions of history. The recognition of extinct volcanoes and the discovery of fossils further expanded knowledge about the Earth's history and revolutionized scientific theories, such as Charles Lyell's uniformitarianism and later Charles Darwin's theory of evolution.
Between 1630 and 1944, Mount Vesuvius was continually erupting, and remains one of the world’s most dangerous volcanoes. Yet, as Rosemary Hill explains in a recent piece, the volcano exerted an irresistible pull on poets, tourists and statesmen. She tells Tom how the 19th century’s obsession with Vesuvius spawned scientific disciplines, artistic innovations and nude intracrater picnics.