A mysterious disease in Wisconsin causes young women to fall ill with a deadly rash, kidney, and lung failure. Doctors race to diagnose and treat the unknown illness, leading to the discovery of Toxic Shock Syndrome linked to specific tampon brands.
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Quick takeaways
Identifying toxic shock syndrome source crucial for public health response.
Synthetic materials in tampons linked to bacterial growth causing toxic shock syndrome.
Deep dives
The Sunless Burn
A 40-year-old man finds his teenage daughter unconscious in the kitchen with a red face, leading to kidney failure. Doctors rush her to the ICU for emergency dialysis, puzzled by her sunburn-like rash and quick deterioration. The medical team struggles to stabilize her as they try to identify the cause of her symptoms, suspecting a serious infection but lacking time for detailed tests.
Investigative Collaboration
Dr. Chesney consults his wife, Joan, an infectious disease specialist, to help diagnose the mysterious illness affecting the daughter and another patient. Joan notices similarities with a previous case involving shock, fever, and kidney failure. She recalls a research article on a rare bacterial infection causing unique symptoms, prompting further tests and Department of Health involvement.
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Through extensive research and patient interviews, epidemiologist Dr. Dan discovers a link between toxic shock syndrome cases and the use of a specific brand of heavily absorbent tampons. Synthetic materials in these tampons promoted bacterial growth, leading to the illness. The CDC's publication of the findings forces the removal of the implicated tampons from the market, reducing future occurrences of the syndrome.
Impact and Resolution
The investigation reveals that 772 women, mainly using the identified tampon brand, contracted toxic shock syndrome, resulting in 38 fatalities before regulatory changes were implemented. The identification of the source and subsequent actions significantly decrease the incidence of toxic shock syndrome cases, highlighting the importance of public health responses to emerging medical mysteries.
In December 1979, young women all over Wisconsin fall ill with a mysterious disease that starts with a bright red rash – and sometimes leads to death. Soon, it’s happening to women all over the United States – and nobody knows why.