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FT Tech Tonic

The geopolitics of chips: Chips in the USA

Nov 12, 2024
Explore the race for semiconductor supremacy as the U.S. strives to reclaim chip manufacturing from Taiwan amidst geopolitical tensions. Learn about the implications of President Biden's CHIPS Act and its potential impact with changing administrations. Discover the challenges faced by companies like TSMC establishing roots in Arizona, and the urgent need for skilled labor in the semiconductor industry. Delve into how training programs are addressing workforce gaps, while considering the competitive landscape shaped by U.S.-China relations.
27:08

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Quick takeaways

  • The U.S. aims to regain its semiconductor manufacturing dominance through the CHIPS Act, but political uncertainty threatens its long-term viability.
  • Revitalizing the U.S. semiconductor industry requires addressing the urgent need for skilled technicians and specialized training programs.

Deep dives

The Shift in Semiconductor Manufacturing

The semiconductor manufacturing landscape has undergone a significant shift over the years, transitioning from U.S.-centric production to a model dominated by foundries abroad, particularly in Asia. The foundry model allows companies to focus on designing chips while outsourcing manufacturing, leading to a competitive advantage for firms like TSMC, which has thrived thanks to substantial state support in Taiwan. As the U.S. attempts to reclaim its former dominance in semiconductor production through initiatives like the CHIPS Act, it faces the challenge of overcoming decades of offshoring and establishing a robust domestic manufacturing capability. The integration of design and manufacturing, once prevalent in the industry, has diminished, complicating efforts to modernize and compete with established Asian manufacturers.

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