197: How To Apply The Principles of Neuroplasticity To OT With Briana Elson, MS, OTR/L
Jan 22, 2024
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Briana Elson, an OT clinician, discusses applying neuroplasticity principles in OT - prism glasses, bilateral arm training, task-specific training, EMG triggered NMES, VR training, and more. She emphasizes the importance of intensity and specificity in therapy for better outcomes.
Yoked prism goggles trigger brain alertness to neglected areas showing 'use it or lose it' principle.
Bilateral arm training activities enhance motor function aligning with 'use it and improve it' principle.
Deep dives
Prism Adaptation Protocol for Spatial Neglect
The evidence-based discussion on using yoked prism goggles to shift the visual field for individuals with spatial neglect demonstrates the 'use it or lose it' principle to trigger brain alertness to neglected areas. Although evidence on prism adaptation protocol may be mixed, real-world practice shows positive outcomes in reducing neglect severity.
Bilateral Arm Training for Upper Extremity Function
Engaging in bilateral arm training activities like folding clothes or using battle ropes enhances motor function and upper extremity skills. Evidence supports interventions such as CIMT and mirror therapy, showing effectiveness in stroke recovery, with significant improvements in dexterity and motor function. These approaches align with the 'use it and improve it' principle.
Task-Specific Training Benefits
Focusing on task-specific training, such as using functional electrical stimulation and hand exoskeletons, aligns with the specificity principle. Personalizing interventions based on individual goals like walking on the beach or doing specific ADL tasks can lead to improved motor function and independence.
Repetitive Task Training and Intensity
Implementing high-repetition training through diverse approaches like robotics, EMG, and VR enhances motor function and cognitive abilities. Increasing overall intensity with aerobic exercise and dual-task training supports neuroplasticity, memory, and global cognitive functions. VR training can offer immersive experiences to sustain attention and engagement, crucial in neurological rehabilitation.
Making every session as effective as possible is the goal of a good therapist. It’s critical for helping patients recover function. Want to talk about the principles of neuroplasticity as they apply to occupational therapy? On today’s show we’ll discuss the first 5 principles from the Evidence-Based Review of Stroke Rehabilitation (EBRSR) 2018 update and provide examples of how to apply them in OT practice. Briana Elson, MS, OTR/L, BCPR, CBIS is an OT clinician and mentor at a top rehabilitation hospital with a goal of helping all OTs provide consistent high-level care no matter where they work or who they work with.
Principles discussed today:
Use it or lose it with prism glasses
Use it and improve it with bilateral arm training, CIMT, mirror therapy and mental practice
Specificity with task specific training using FES, PSFS and COPM
Repetition matters with EMG triggered NMES, amount of reps needed/time needed, and robotics
Intensity matters with VR training, HRR (75-85%), aerobic exercise, strength training, and dual task training
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