Experts Ian Johnson and E. Elena Songster discuss China's soft power strategy through panda diplomacy, the US-China relationship, the cultural significance and evolution of panda diplomacy, and controversies surrounding panda treatment.
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Quick takeaways
Panda diplomacy, once a demonstration of China's soft power, has faced criticism due to issues of care and health for the loaned pandas.
The upcoming summit between the US and China will likely cover agenda items such as Taiwan, the fentanyl crisis, and economic ties, aiming to improve the relationship.
Deep dives
Panda Diplomacy: From Gifts to Loans
Panda diplomacy, which began with China gifting pandas to countries as a demonstration of soft power, has shifted to loan agreements. These loan agreements come with terms, including a hefty fee ranging from $500,000 to $1 million per year for a 10-year lease. However, the model has faced criticism, especially in instances where pandas have not received proper care or health issues arise. This has led to opposition from both animal activists and Chinese citizens, raising concerns about the treatment of pandas. Nevertheless, panda diplomacy is still in practice, with China recently sending pandas to countries like Qatar, Russia, and Germany.
The Upcoming US-China Summit: Key Agenda Items
The upcoming summit between US President Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping will likely cover several key agenda items. One of the main concerns for China is Taiwan, where Beijing wants the US to commit to not supporting its independence. Additionally, China may want the US to stop interfering in Taiwan's upcoming elections. Another pressing issue is the fentanyl crisis, where China is being urged to crack down on the export of drugs used in fentanyl production. Both countries are also likely to discuss economic ties and ways to improve the relationship.
The Future of US-China Relations
The overall trajectory of US-China relations since their last meeting has improved slightly. Efforts have been made to prevent tensions from escalating into a full-blown conflict, given that both countries possess powerful militaries and face potential flashpoints like Taiwan. The recent warming of ties has been evident through high-level meetings and exchanges. However, the future relationship remains uncertain, with potential crises, such as the Israel-Hamas conflict and Ukraine situation, possibly causing distractions or criticisms for the US administration. Both countries have their own domestic challenges, making stability and long-term relations important.
Panda diplomacy couldn’t fix the US and China’s tense relationship. Perhaps a meeting between Presidents Biden and Xi can bring back that fuzzy feeling. Ian Johnson of the Council on Foreign Relations and Panda Nation author E. Elena Songster explain.
This episode was produced by Avishay Artsy, edited by Matt Collette, fact-checked by Serena Solin, engineered by Rob Byers, and hosted by Noel King.