#43 Nick Lane: Origin of Life, Aliens, Metabolism, Bioelectricity, Consciousness and Ai!

Nick Lane is a biochemist, Professor of Evolutionary Biochemistry at University College London, and author of Transformer, The Vital Question, and Power, Sex, Suicide — books that have revolutionised how we think about the origin of life, complexity, and the deep chemistry powering consciousness.

Life, Lane argues, didn’t begin in a soup but in the cracks of the seafloor — powered not by sunlight, but by geochemical gradients, ancient electricity, and the quiet inevitability of metabolism. And astonishingly, those same forces still flow through your cells — and possibly your mind.

Expect to learn how life may have started in alkaline hydrothermal vents, why proton gradients might be more fundamental than DNA, how ATP synthase works like a microscopic motor powered by a field strength equal to a bolt of lightning, why mitochondria changed everything for complex life, how consciousness could emerge from electrical charge flow, whether bacterial cells might have feelings, why Lane rejects panpsychism but entertains “cellular sentience,” how the structure of life reflects planetary energy flow, and what this all means for AI, aging, and the nature of being alive.

Timestamps: 00:00 A Deep Dive into the Origins of Life03:57 The Cathedral of Life: Hydrothermal Vents as the Cradle09:45 Thermodynamics, CO₂, and the Secret of Organic Chemistry13:40 From Geochemistry to Biochemistry18:32 The First Energy Systems and Proton Gradients24:00 ATP Synthase and the Universal Energy Machine28:57 Why Life Isn’t Just Chemistry—It’s System Design32:34 Life Beyond Carbon? The Case for Biochemical Inevitability39:04 Mitochondria, Endosymbiosis, and the Rise of Complexity46:02 Why Mitochondria Hold the Key to Eukaryotic Life51:28 The Real Reason Complex Life Took So Long to Emerge56:21 Scaling Energy: How Big Cells Became Possible01:02:30 Death, Aging, and the Bioelectric Clock01:08:04 Why Mitochondria Can Be a Double-Edged Sword01:14:25 Are We Overrating Neural Complexity?01:20:48 Bioelectricity and the Architecture of Development01:27:13 Could Consciousness Emerge Without a Brain?01:34:00 Mitochondria, Voltage Maps, and the Future of Bioelectric Science01:39:03 Feelings as Electric Readouts of Metabolic State01:44:12 Can Anesthetics Unlock the Mystery of Consciousness?01:50:00 A Spectrum of Consciousness—Even Bacteria Feel?01:56:15 Karl Friston, Free Energy, and the Bayesian Cell02:02:15 The Neural Correlates of Consciousness — A Failed Bet?02:07:04 Metabolism-First Consciousness: Nick’s Radical Hypothesis02:08:38 Is It ATP or Electrical Fields That Matter Most?02:13:20 Why Studying Fruit Flies Could Answer the Consciousness Question02:20:54 How Naming Genes Distorts Scientific Thinking02:23:45 Making Science Poetic — Lane’s Legacy02:24:17 Nick Lane’s Next Book: From CO₂ to Cells02:28:52 Final Reflections on the Story of Life and Consciousness...📚 RECOMMENDED READINGVital Question: Energy, Evolution, and the Origins of Complex Life: https://amzn.to/4lrrBb6Power, Sex, Suicide: Mitochondria and the meaning of life: https://amzn.to/4nVV6DBTransformer: The Deep Chemistry of Life and Death: https://amzn.to/3IbT69QLife Ascending: The Ten Great Inventions of Evolution: https://amzn.to/4eF3v9S…_Follow My Neuroscience Podcast - The Giants Shoulder_ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5m3Gta5MtIYdk59pb2GJ7M?si=b33232eae67b4126Apple Podcasts - https://podcasts.apple.com/ie/podcast/brief-enquiry-to-the-brain/id1752486249_Neuroscience Products I Swear By (Supports the Channel)_Manta Sleep Mask: Get the Comfiest Sleep Mask on the Planet (Use Code GIANTSMANTA10 https://bit.ly/4ilzfBL )[Brain.FM](http://brain.fm/): Music Entrainment for Focused Deep Work (30 Day Free Trial: https://www.brain.fm/giantsshoulder)[Consensus.AI](http://consensus.ai/): AI Powered Research (Use Code THEGIANTSSHOULDER for 1 Year Free Premium Sub)