Matthew Gardner Kelly, "Dividing the Public: School Finance and the Creation of Structural Inequity" (Cornell UP, 2024)
Dec 4, 2024
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Matthew Gardner Kelly, an assistant professor at the University of Washington, discusses his book on how California's school finance policies have reinforced racial and economic disparities. He delves into the intentional choices made during the Progressive Era, examining the journey from Indigenous land funding to supporting suburban schools. The conversation highlights the critical role of visual data in illustrating these inequalities and critiques the historical connections between school funding and systemic inequities, urging a reevaluation of educational policies.
The podcast explores how historical decisions in school funding have intentionally created racial and economic disparities in California's public education system.
It critiques the mainstream narrative that localism is the sole determinant of school funding, emphasizing the significant role of state policies.
Experts have shaped education funding perceptions by using data to validate localism, which obscures larger state responsibilities for equitable financing.
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Historical Perspectives on School Financing
The podcast discusses how historical events and policies have shaped contemporary school financing, particularly in California. It emphasizes the significance of understanding the intertwined nature of education policy with local governance and racial dynamics. The narrative traces how localism has been misconceived as the primary architect of school funding, overshadowing the crucial roles that state and federal influences play. This historical context is essential for addressing current disparities in school funding.
Challenges to Public School Funding Narratives
The discussion critiques mainstream narratives that categorize public school funding as solely local responsibility, highlighting how these perspectives obscure state involvement in creating financial inequities. The podcast explores legislative and policy decisions that have perpetuated imbalances in funding based on race, residence, and socioeconomic status. It emphasizes that understanding these dynamics is vital for both educational researchers and advocates aiming to create more equitable funding structures. By recognizing the historical threads, listeners can better engage in contemporary discussions on educational equity.
The Role of Experts in Education Policy
The podcast highlights the influential role of educational experts in forming policies regarding school funding, often shifting the responsibilities away from state actors. It delves into how educational data has been employed to shape perceptions and decisions about efficiency within school systems. Experts effectively used data to validate funding models and policies that favored localism and undermined broader state responsibilities towards equitable funding. Understanding the implications of this expert-driven narrative is crucial as it affects the allocation of resources in schools today.
Contemporary Calls to Action for Educational Equity
The podcast concludes with a call for stakeholders—researchers, policymakers, and citizens—to recognize and address the persistent inequities in school financing. It stresses the need to challenge the prevailing narratives that have historically shaped education funding opportunities, urging a more proactive approach to advocating for equitable resources. The discussion advocates for reimagining public schools not as fragmented entities but as integral parts of a larger social fabric deserving of equitable support. This renewed vision can help counter the negative legacies of historical inequities in educational financing.
In Dividing the Public: School Finance and the Creation of Structural Inequity(Cornell UP, 2024), Matthew Gardner Kelly takes aim at the racial and economic disparities that characterize public education funding in the United States. With California as his focus, Kelly illustrates that the use of local taxes to fund public education was never an inadvertent or de facto product of past practices, but an intentional decision adopted in place of well-known alternatives during the Progressive Era, against past precedent and principle in several states.
From efforts to convert expropriated Indigenous and Mexican land into common school funding in the 1850s, to reforms that directed state aid to expanding white suburbs during the years surrounding World War II, Dividing the Public traces, in intricate detail, how a host of policies connected to school funding have divided California by race and class over time. In bringing into view the neglected and poorly understood history of policymaking connected to school finance, Kelly offers a new story about the role public education played in shaping the racially segregated, economically divided, and politically fragmented world of the post-1945 metropolis.
Matthew Gardner Kelly is an assistant professor of educational foundations, leadership, and policy at the University of Washington.
Max Jacobs is a PhD student in education at Rutgers University.