235. The British Criminal Underworld in The Second World War.
Jan 1, 2025
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Mark Ellis, a novelist known for his authentic portrayals of wartime London's underworld, dives into the fascinating world of crime during World War II. He reveals how wartime chaos led to a dramatic surge in illegal activities, with looting rampant amid the Blitz. The discussion covers the rise of the black market, thriving under scarcity, and the vice industry that flourished thanks to American troops. Ellis also shares gripping tales of notorious criminals and the moral complexities faced by those navigating this tumultuous era.
Wartime Britain saw a 60% increase in crime as criminals exploited chaos and rationing to establish lucrative operations.
The underworld thrived on the arrival of American soldiers, with organized crime syndicates capitalizing on the booming vice trade.
Deep dives
Criminal Boom During Wartime
The war in Britain from 1939 to 1945 led to a significant increase in criminal activity, with crime rates soaring by around 60%. Opportunists seized the cover provided by blackout conditions and wartime chaos to engage in looting and illegal activities. Rationing created a lucrative black market where goods such as food, clothing, and fuel were acquired and sold at exorbitant prices. Notorious criminals like Billy Hill became prominent figures in this underworld, capitalizing on the confusion and scarcity of the war to expand their operations.
The Widespread Nature of Looting
Looting became a widespread issue during the Blitz, involving not only criminals but also ordinary citizens, emergency workers, and even policemen. Incidents of looting were recorded extensively, with nearly 5,000 cases reported during bombings in 1940 alone. Shocking accounts surfaced, such as people scavenging over bodies after bombings, illustrating the moral decline amid chaos. The wartime environment blurred the lines of criminality, with individuals from various backgrounds partaking in theft and exploitation.
Growth of the Vice Trade
The vice trade thrived in wartime London, largely driven by the influx of American soldiers and the disruption of traditional social structures. Organized crime syndicates, particularly the Messina family, capitalized on the demand for prostitution, establishing control over many street-level workers. These syndicates enforced strict rules and extracted a significant cut from their prostitutes' earnings, ensuring profitability amidst the chaos. The arrival of American troops further fueled this business, creating a bustling market for vice during the war years.
This week on Battleground '45 Patrick is joined by author Mark Ellis, to discuss an often overlooked aspect of life during the second world war, the world of crime. The conditions of wartime Britain led to a crime boom, with new opportunities arising for those criminals seeking to take advantage and profit whilst the authorities were often overwhelmed.
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