Stephen Byrd, the Global Head of Sustainability Research at Morgan Stanley, dives into the pressing energy demands of AI and data centers. He discusses the clash between rising energy needs and the limited power supply. Byrd also shares insights on the partnership between nuclear power and crypto mining, spotlighting Talon Energy's innovative approach with Amazon. The conversation highlights emerging investment opportunities in sustainable energy and the exciting intersection of AI, sustainability, and job innovation in the sector.
The rapid expansion of AI and cloud services necessitates over 10 gigawatts of new data center power in the coming year.
Investors are turning to utility stocks for stability amid high tech valuations, showing a strategic shift towards quality and income investments.
Deep dives
Data Center Power Demand Surge
There is a significant and growing demand for data center power, driven largely by the rise of artificial intelligence and the expansion of cloud services by major players such as AWS, Google, and Microsoft. A forecast indicates that over 10 gigawatts of new data centers will need to be constructed next year, yet only about 5 gigawatts are currently being built. The primary constraint on this growth is the limited availability of power and the challenges associated with connecting new data centers to the electrical grid. In particular, some markets, like Virginia, are reporting connection timelines that could stretch up to seven years, which presents a major hurdle for timely data center expansion.
Investment Shifts Toward Utilities
Investors are increasingly being advised to focus on utility stocks as a means of gaining exposure to growth in sectors like artificial intelligence. Utility stocks are attractive due to their relatively stable dividends, with utility companies currently offering yields close to 3%. Historical performance shows that utilities have returned around 11% annually since 1980, comparable to returns from more tech-heavy sectors like the NASDAQ. This shift in strategy also reflects a caution against the high valuations and volatility associated with technology stocks, leading to a call for quality and income investments.
Innovations in Power Generation
One of the exciting developments in power generation is the potential for nuclear energy to play a key role in supporting the energy demands of data centers. Companies like Amazon have already formed partnerships with nuclear power providers to secure reliable energy for their operations. The discussion includes the concept of small modular reactors, which may offer a simpler and quicker path to scaling up nuclear power, thereby facilitating the energy needs for future data centers. Furthermore, there is a growing interest in alternative power sources, including partnerships between data center operators and crypto miners, which can allow for quicker access to energy resources.
The Challenge of Energy Storage Solutions
As the use of renewable energy continues to rise, the need for effective energy storage solutions becomes increasingly urgent. Innovations in battery technology, such as metal-air storage, promise to provide long-duration storage capabilities essential for balancing the intermittent nature of solar and wind energy generation. While current lithium-ion batteries adequately meet short-term storage needs, the grid will require something more capable for seasonal and extended periods of energy storage. Addressing these storage challenges is crucial for the future of clean energy integration and ensuring a stable energy supply to rapidly advancing technologies.
Stephen Byrd, the Global Head of Sustainability Research at Morgan Stanley, talks about investing in the watts needed to run tomorrow’s supercomputers.