Timothy Gitzen, "Banal Security: Queer Korea in the Time of Viruses" (Helsinki UP, 2023)
Dec 13, 2024
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Timothy Gitzen, an Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Wake Forest University, explores the complex intersection of queer identity and national security in South Korea. He reveals how queer Koreans are perceived as viral threats within a society shaped by North Korean tensions. Gitzen discusses the normalization of security practices in everyday life and the unique challenges faced by the queer community during the COVID pandemic, highlighting their activism against dehumanizing narratives. His insights draw from rich fieldwork in Seoul, showcasing the resilience of queer identities.
The normalization of security concerns in South Korea has led to marginalized queer Koreans being perceived as threats to national identity and public health.
Queer activism navigates a complex landscape of collaboration with authorities while grappling with distrust, highlighting tensions between safety, belonging, and identity.
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Banal Security in South Korea
The concept of 'banal security' describes how the threat of North Korea has been integrated into daily life in South Korea over the last seven years. This normalization of security concerns results in a focus on issues such as public health and family unity, leading to marginalized groups, such as queer Koreans, being viewed as threats to national identity. The perception of queer individuals as 'viral carriers' underscores the profound interplay between security discourse and social attitudes. This framework illustrates broader implications for queer rights and societal acceptance in a context of national security.
Fieldwork Insights and Personal Experiences
Fieldwork conducted between 2015 and 2016 provided significant insights into the lives of queer individuals in South Korea, particularly around issues of military service and security. Personal interactions, such as witnessing a mundane civilian security drill, revealed how normalized and routine security measures have become. These experiences highlight the daily fears faced by individuals who feel the weight of surveillance and scrutiny. This narrative illustrates the intersection of personal and collective experiences within the context of national identity.
Queer Activism and National Belonging
Queer activism in South Korea faces contradictory dynamics, as activists often collaborate with police for safety but simultaneously express distrust toward these institutions. This cooperation reflects a desire for national belonging, where queer individuals seek recognition and acceptance within the larger societal framework. Yet, this collaboration can also exacerbate structural insecurities, as it may reinforce existing power dynamics. The complexity of this reality poses pivotal questions about the nature of safety, citizenship, and the rights of marginalized communities.
For more than 70 years, South Korea has woven the threat of North Korea into daily life. But now that threat has become mundane, and South Korean national security addresses family, public health, and national unity. Banal Security: Queer Korea in the Time of Viruses(Helsinki University Press, 2023) illustrates how as a result, queer Koreans are seen to represent a viral threat to national security. Taking readers from police stations and the Constitutional Court to queer activist offices and pride festivals, Timothy Gitzen shows how security weaves through daily life and diffuses the queer threat, in a context where queer Koreans are treated as viral carriers, disruptions to public order, and threats to family and culture.
Timothy Gitzen is an Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Wake Forest University.
Qing Shen recently obtained his PhD in anthropology from Uppsala University, Sweden.