Discover the intriguing link between lightning and cosmic phenomena like neutron stars. Recent NASA research reveals that gamma radiation detected during tropical thunderstorms may hold the key to understanding lightning's formation. The conversation also dives into the geological forces that elevate Mount Everest and examines how squid-inspired innovations are revolutionizing fabric technology. Join the hosts as they explore these electrifying topics with captivating insights and stories.
Recent NASA research revealed that gamma radiation is detected in thunderstorms, indicating it plays a crucial role in lightning formation.
The podcast highlights the ongoing geological processes contributing to Mount Everest's height, primarily driven by tectonic plate collisions and isostatic rebound.
Deep dives
Understanding Lightning Formation
Recent experiments using a NASA ER-2 research plane have shed light on the mystery of lightning formation within thunderstorms. The plane detected significant levels of gamma radiation just before lightning strikes, indicating that large electric fields must be building up in the storm. This gamma radiation triggers electric currents that may contribute to the conditions necessary for lightning to occur. Although concerns about gamma radiation exposure in thunderstorms were addressed, researchers confirmed that the levels detected would not pose a threat to passengers in an airplane.
Mount Everest's Height Increase
Mount Everest continues to rise due to geological processes, growing approximately three feet since 1955, primarily attributed to the collision of tectonic plates. Recent studies suggest additional height gain may be a result of isostatic rebound, a process where the Earth's crust flexes upward in response to erosion from nearby rivers. Some geologists estimate that this rebound could have raised Everest by up to 50 meters over the last 89,000 years, although this claim remains debated within the scientific community. Most experts agree that while the isostatic rebound plays a role, plate tectonic activity remains the main driver of the mountain's elevation changes.
Lightning: It happens all the time, and yet the exact details of how it's made has long eluded scientists. That is, until now. New research out this week in the journal Nature holds new insights into the precursor to lightning. To figure it out, researchers flew a NASA ER-2 – essentially the research version of a spy plane – over several tropical thunderstorms. What they found: The same high energy radiation is found in places like neutron stars and around black holes.
Want to hear more stories about the science behind natural phenomena? Email us at shortwave@npr.org — we'd love to hear from you!