French political scientist Olivier Roy and Yascha Mounk talk about the rise of the French right, the concept of laïcité in secularism, and the possibility of universal values amidst identity politics. Topics include the shift towards right-wing populism in Europe, the challenges faced by Macron's party, the changing societal values in Europe, and the evolution of language and culture in communication.
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Quick takeaways
New European far-right prioritizes preserving their way of life over creating a new society, challenging traditional fascist labels.
Macron's declining popularity in France reflects a shift in politics with the collapse of center parties.
Identity politics in France challenges implicit shared understandings, hindering political negotiations and compromise.
Deep dives
New Extreme Right Parties in Europe
The rise of new extreme right parties in Europe challenges the notion that they are solely fascists. Unlike traditional fascists, these modern populists prioritize preserving their way of life over creating a new society. This distinction is crucial in understanding the shifting political landscape.
Political Developments in France
Recent political events in France, including Marine Le Pen's party gaining strength and President Macron's declining popularity, reflect a shift in French politics. Macron's lack of strong party support and the collapse of traditional center-left and center-right parties contribute to the current political turmoil.
French Society and Culture Wars
France is experiencing a crisis of culture where implicit shared understandings are being challenged. The concept of laicite, separating church and state, has evolved into a contentious issue, with debates over what constitutes French culture and values.
Identity Politics and Cultural Norms
Identity politics and the flattening of culture into explicit markers lead to conflict over identity appropriation and cultural recognition. The competition between groups for dominance results in a call for more rules and regulations, hindering political negotiations and compromise in society.
Implications of Cultural Debates and Conflict
The dominance of identity markers over implicit cultural values creates societal fragmentation and hinders political settlements. The current cultural wars focus on power dynamics and ethical debates rather than political solutions, leading to an increasingly divided and individualistic society.
In this week’s conversation, Yascha Mounk and Olivier Roy discuss how the new European far-right differs from the old; the French concept of laïcité, or secularism, and whether it goes too far in curtailing public religious practices; and whether a new appeal to universal values and compromise is possible in societies fragmented by identity politics.