The podcast discusses traditionalism, a philosophy advocating a return to ancient teachings and its influence on global politics. It explores the impact of traditionalist thinkers like Alexander Dugin on figures like Steve Bannon. The podcast also dives into the growth of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia convert community in the Appalachian Mountains and explores the political motivations of American converts to Russian Orthodox Christianity.
Traditionalism is a philosophical belief system that emphasizes a return to ancient teachings and wisdom, rejecting modernity and criticizing ideas like progress, equality, democracy, and scientific rationalism.
Traditionalism has influenced contemporary politics, appealing to those discontented with modernity and inspiring right-wing movements globally, including figures like Steve Bannon and influencing ideology in Putin's Russia.
Deep dives
Traditionalism as a Philosophy and its Rejection of Modernity
Traditionalism, as explored in the podcast, refers to a philosophical belief system that emphasizes a return to ancient teachings and wisdom. It rejects modernity and views it as the negation of tradition. Traditionalists criticize ideas like progress, equality, democracy, and scientific rationalism, seeing them as false premises. Examples of traditionalist inspirations include Hindu teachings, such as the idea of hierarchy and proper societal roles, as well as Sufism. Traditionalism is often associated with right-wing ideologies and has gained traction in the rise of right-wing movements globally.
Key Thinkers in Traditionalism: René Guénon and Julius Evola
René Guénon, a French philosopher, and Julius Evola, an Italian intellectual, are significant figures in the development of traditionalism. Guénon drew on earlier ideas and combined the concepts of primordial tradition and a critique of modernity. Evola, initially a Mussolini supporter, became one of the most important traditionalist thinkers. He rejected the modern order, formed connections with the Nazi regime, and influenced the Russian intellectual Alexander Dugin. Dugin's association with Evola's ideas gained attention in the late years of the Soviet Union and has shaped Russia's political elite and ideology in the Putin era.
Traditionalism and its Influence on Contemporary Politics
Traditionalism's influence extends beyond philosophical circles and has impacted contemporary politics. It has found resonance among those who feel discontented with the current state of the world. Traditionalism appeals to people who perceive something fundamentally wrong with modernity and seek alternative worldviews. Traditionalist ideas have influenced right-wing movements globally, including figures like Steve Bannon, the former chief strategist of the Trump administration, who was influenced by Guénon's works. Traditionalist beliefs have also gained attention in countries like France, Hungary, and Germany, where right-wing parties and activists have adopted elements of traditionalist philosophy.
Traditionalism and Russian Orthodox Converts – Laurie Taylor talks to Mark Sedgwick, Professor of Arab and Islamic Studies at Aarhus University, about the radical project for restoring sacred order. Traditionalism is founded on ancient teachings that, its followers argue, have been handed down from time immemorial and which must be defended from modernity. How has this mystical doctrine come to have contemporary sway on the political right, inspiring ex President Trump's former chief strategist, as well as the Russian philosopher Aleksandr Dugin, sometimes dubbed as “Putin’s brain”?
They’re joined by Sarah Riccardi-Swartz, Assistant Professor of Religion and Anthropology at Northeastern University, Boston, who has uncovered an extraordinary story of religious conversion in one corner of Appalachia. Here, a group of American citizens has embraced the Russian Orthodox Church and through it Putin’s New Russia. They look to Russian religion and politics for answers to Western secularism and the loss of traditional family values.
Producer: Jayne Egerton
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