AI can design and execute research experiments, making research more efficient and accessible.
BioNTech is working towards making mRNA vaccines accessible to African countries by establishing a manufacturing facility in Rwanda.
Deep dives
AI Scientists and Automated Lab Partners
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon have developed an AI system called co-scientist that can design and execute research experiments in an automated lab. The system uses large language models like ChatGPT to find and synthesize information, create experimental plans, and remotely run synthesis experiments using lab instruments. This proof-of-concept system has potential applications in various scientific disciplines and could make research more efficient and accessible by freeing up scientists' time and eliminating the need for coding expertise.
AI and Antimicrobial Discovery
A postdoc named Felix Wong in Jim Collins lab at MIT has developed a model using explainable AI and synthetic biology tools to identify compounds that target specific molecular targets. The system combines explainable AI, which allows users to understand and tweak the decision-making process, with a phenotypic screening system to test for cytotoxicity. Through this approach, the team was able to screen and predict the efficacy of millions of compounds for antimicrobial applications, specifically targeting staff infections. Felix Wong and his colleague, Max Wilson, have started a company called Integrated Biosciences to further develop this technology for aging-related diseases.
mRNA Vaccines for Africa
BioNTech, the company behind one of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, is working towards making mRNA vaccines accessible to countries in Africa. They have pledged $150 million to create a facility in Rwanda that will manufacture mRNA medicines, including vaccines for diseases like HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, and monkeypox. The facility, equipped with state-of-the-art manufacturing solutions, is expected to start producing vaccines by 2025, with a goal of producing 50 million doses annually.
Moderna and Merck's mRNA Cancer Vaccine
Moderna and Merck have announced positive phase 2b data for their mRNA cancer vaccine candidate. The vaccine, called mRNA 4157 or V940, showed promising results in reducing the risk of cancer recurrence and distant metastasis in patients with melanoma. While the data has generated investor interest, it is still in the phase 2 stage and further trials are required before seeking regulatory approval. Moderna and Merck are also exploring the potential of mRNA cancer vaccines for other diseases and have launched a phase 3 trial to evaluate its effectiveness.
Episode 2 (December 22, 2023): Interview with President and CEO of Tome Biosciences, Rahul Kakkar; intelligent lab partner using LLMs; AI for antimicrobials; mRNA vaccine production in Africa; Moderna’s positive cancer vaccine data.
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