#11: Serotonin and the Self-Appraisal System with Ryan A Bush

In this episode, Frank Lawton and Ryan A. Bush explore eudaimonia, the deep well-being that comes from aligning actions with values. Ryan explains Virtue Self-Signaling Theory, which ties happiness to the brain’s self-appraisal system—our innate mechanism for evaluating our own actions. This system influences serotonin levels, shaping confidence, motivation, and long-term fulfillment. The discussion covers mindfulness, cultural influences on self-evaluation, and the balance between contemplation and action. Ryan emphasizes that true satisfaction comes from strengthening personal virtues rather than seeking external validation.

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