Closer To Truth What is the Deep Meaning of Probability?
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Jan 10, 2024 
Experts in probability theory, cosmology, quantum gravity, and computer science discuss the deep meaning of probability. They explore refining data, assessing theories, and probing ultimate reality in cosmology. Topics include confidence in precise measurements, assessing competing models, and revealing how quantum fluctuations became galactic structures.
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Three Pillars Of Probability Theory
- The law of large numbers, central limit theorem, and large deviation theory form probability's core tools for convergence, typical fluctuations, and rare events.
- These theorems explain why averages stabilize, bell curves appear, and extreme risks can be quantified.
Probability Shapes Cosmological Certainty
- Cosmologists use probability for measurement errors, model comparison, and cosmic variance from seeing one universe.
- Licia Verde stresses that all three kinds combine into the error bars that define our confidence in cosmological parameters.
Quantum Seeds Grew The Cosmos
- Quantum fluctuations seeded tiny primordial inhomogeneities that gravity amplified into galaxies over 14 billion years.
- Verde presents us as products of quantum randomness given cosmological amplification mechanisms.