165. Politics in Hollywood Westerns-- Ruth Kinna

Fort Apache, directed by John Ford, is a Western film that explores themes of duty, honor, and cultural conflict within the U.S. cavalry. Set in 1870s Arizona, the film portrays the clash between a rigid, glory-seeking Lieutenant Colonel, Owen Thursday, and the pragmatic Captain Kirby York. Thursday's arrogance and lack of understanding of the Apache lead to a disastrous confrontation with Cochise and his warriors. The film examines the complexities of military leadership, the consequences of cultural misunderstanding, and the myth-making process in the face of defeat. Through its nuanced characters and moral ambiguity, Fort Apache offers a critical perspective on the American West and the cost of expansion.

Rancho Notorious, directed by Fritz Lang, is a Western film noir that explores themes of revenge, justice, and the corrupting influence of the past. Set in the post-Civil War West, the film follows Vern Haskell's quest to avenge the rape and murder of his fiancée. His pursuit leads him to Chuck-a-Luck, a hidden refuge for outlaws run by the enigmatic Altar Keane. As Vern infiltrates the outlaw community, he becomes entangled in a web of deceit and moral ambiguity. The film's dark atmosphere, complex characters, and unconventional narrative challenge traditional Western tropes. Rancho Notorious offers a cynical view of the Wild West and the elusive nature of justice.

John Ford's "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance" is a classic Western that explores themes of mythmaking, justice, and the taming of the American West. The film features a compelling narrative structure, shifting between the present and the past to reveal the complexities of the story. Jimmy Stewart portrays a lawyer who arrives in a lawless town, challenging the established order. John Wayne plays a gunslinger who embodies the violent spirit of the frontier. The film's nuanced portrayal of heroism and the clash between civilization and savagery makes it a timeless Western.

Published in 1939, 'The Grapes of Wrath' is a powerful and poignant novel by John Steinbeck. It tells the story of the Joad family, Oklahoma tenant farmers who are forced to leave their home after the devastating effects of the Dust Bowl and the Great Depression. The novel follows their arduous journey along Route 66 to California, where they face numerous hardships, including poverty, exploitation, and the loss of family members. The book explores themes of family, survival, and the struggle for human dignity in the face of overwhelming adversity. It also delves into the broader social and economic issues of the time, highlighting the conflict between the powerful and the powerless. Steinbeck's work is known for its vivid portrayal of the human condition and its impact on American literature and society.

This book delves into the complex history behind John Ford's 1956 film 'The Searchers'. It begins with the true story of Cynthia Ann Parker, a nine-year-old girl kidnapped by Comanches in 1836, and her subsequent life among the tribe. The book also explores the life of her son, Quanah Parker, who became a prominent figure in American Indian causes. It then shifts to the novel 'The Searchers' by Alan LeMay, which was loosely based on Cynthia Ann's story, and finally details the making of the film by John Ford and John Wayne. The book provides a rich historical context and insights into the relationships between American Indians and white settlers, as well as the cinematic process behind one of Hollywood's most iconic films.