Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World, by Jack Weatherford

This book, written by Jack Weatherford, challenges the traditional Western view of Genghis Khan as a ruthless destroyer. Instead, it portrays Khan as a secular leader who promoted egalitarianism, religious tolerance, and free trade. The Mongol Empire, under Khan's leadership, subjugated vast lands and people, but also facilitated cultural communication, expanded trade routes, and contributed to the blossoming of civilization. Weatherford argues that the Mongols' rule was less burdensome than that of European nobility, with lighter taxes, tolerance of local customs and religions, and universal education for boys. The book also explores how the Mongols encouraged scientific advances, improved agriculture, and sponsored lucrative international trade, thereby influencing European civilization and the modern world.

In '1493', Charles C. Mann explores the global effects of the Columbian Exchange, which followed Columbus's first landing in the Americas. The book details how this exchange led to a global homogenization of species, diseases, and tools, significantly impacting the rise of Europe, the decline of imperial China, and the convulsion of Africa. Mann also discusses how Mexico City became a central hub where Asia, Europe, and the Americas interacted, and how these exchanges have influenced today's political disputes, trade policies, and cultural wars. The book is based on extensive research from biologists, anthropologists, archaeologists, and historians, offering a comprehensive and fascinating look at the origins of modern globalization.