The podcast discusses the use of unrestricted subsidiaries and the 'J. Crew trapdoor' in debt documents, as well as the transfer of assets to fund debt prepayments. It explores the loosening of covenant protection and examples of asset leakage to unrestricted subsidiaries. The potential ramifications of transferring unrestricted subsidiaries, including the loss of collateral and guarantees, are also discussed. The transfer of valuable IP and protection against leakage to unrestricted subsidiaries is explained, along with advice on how to protect against the transfer of valuable assets.
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Quick takeaways
Companies can use various loopholes and other baskets to transfer assets to unrestricted subsidiaries, even if the explicit J. Crew trapdoor is eliminated from credit agreements.
Transferring assets to unrestricted subsidiaries can lead to collateral loss and the release of security, but some companies have implemented documentary protections to safeguard lenders.
Deep dives
J. Crew Trapdoor: An Overview
The J. Crew trapdoor is a maneuver employed by companies like J. Crew, Neiman Marcus, PetSmart, and others to transfer assets to unrestricted subsidiaries, beyond the reach of their creditors. It involves a two-step transaction where assets are transferred from obligors to non-guarantors and then from non-guarantors to outside the credit box. The specific loophole that enables this trapdoor is a provision in the credit agreement known as the J. Crew proceeds basket. This loophole allows non-guarantor restricted subsidiaries to make investments funded with pro investments made in those subsidiaries, effectively transforming it into a general purpose basket.
The Absence of J. Crew Trapdoor is Misleading
While many credit agreements and bonds have eliminated the explicit presence of the J. Crew trapdoor, it does not guarantee protection against asset transfers to unrestricted subsidiaries. Companies still have various baskets to transfer assets, such as leverage-based baskets, builder baskets, and general investment baskets, as long as there are no explicit restrictions on their use. Therefore, the absence of the J. Crew trapdoor is considered a red herring, as companies can utilize other baskets to achieve similar outcomes.
Consequences and Documentary Protections
Transferring assets to unrestricted subsidiaries can lead to collateral loss and the release of security. For instance, PetSmart transferred equity to an unrestricted subsidiary, resulting in the release of guarantees and the loss of chewy's assets as part of the collateral package. To protect lenders from such maneuvers, documentary protections have been implemented in some cases. For instance, recent issuances from companies like Royal Caribbean, Viking Cruises, and GAP have explicitly prohibited the transfer of collateral assets to non-guarantor entities, ensuring that bondholders have full control over the collateral.
The Covenants by Reorg team discusses how the J Crew Trapdoor could be a red herring and investors need to be alert even if it is not there, how the unrestricted subsidiaries maneuver(made infamous by J Crew) could be used for creative restructurings, recent examples of asset leakage to unrestricted subsidiaries and how investors can demand protection in documents.
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