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The Cyber Threat Perspective
Episode 123: Insecure Active Directory Protocols
Feb 7, 2025
Dive into the world of insecure Active Directory protocols and discover how they can be exploited by attackers for privilege escalation and lateral movement. Learn about essential tools like Pincastle and Purple Knight for identifying security issues. Explore the risks of legacy protocols such as LMNR and NBNS, including potential attacks. Understand the evolving challenges in internal penetration testing and the vulnerabilities of the Windows web client service, emphasizing the importance of updating security practices.
39:47
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Quick takeaways
- Insecure protocols like LMNR and NBNS pose significant risks in Active Directory environments, enabling attackers to exploit vulnerabilities for credential theft and privilege escalation.
- Disabling services like the Print Spooler and WebClient on domain controllers is crucial for enhancing network security and mitigating potential lateral movement attacks.
Deep dives
Insecure Active Directory Protocols
Legacy protocols like LMNR (Link Local Multicast Name Resolution) and NBNS (NetBIOS Name Service) present significant security risks in Active Directory environments. These protocols act as fallback mechanisms to DNS, but when enabled by default, they can be easily exploited through techniques like relaying and poisoning attacks. For instance, if a user mistypes a shared folder name, attackers can forge a response to trick the user into sending their authentication credentials. Organizations should consider disabling these protocols through group policies to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.
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Discover
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