GLP-1 Agonists for Weight Loss

GLP-1 agonists like semiglutide and liraglutide have gained popularity for weight loss, particularly in patients with a BMI of 30 or over. These drugs stimulate insulin release from the pancreas, leading to reduced food intake, increased satiety, and ultimately weight loss. Common GI side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, can be seen in 70% of patients, with rare but serious complications like pancreatitis or bowel obstruction. Patients presenting with these side effects may require a typical GI workup in the ED, including lipase and liver function tests, with management focused on IV fluid rehydration and symptom control.