Middle East, North Africa credit conditions are stable in 2024 despite elevated geopolitical risks
Jan 22, 2024
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Discussion on stable credit conditions in the Gulf Cooperation Council region and challenges in North Africa and Levant. Geopolitical risks, such as the Israel-Hamas conflict, are a major concern. Analysis of credit conditions in Egypt, Tunisia, and Lebanon, highlighting financing gaps and market access challenges. Exploration of funding conditions and economic performance in the MENA region, with a focus on the Gulf Cooperation Council. Factors influencing core productivity, including M&A transactions and renewable energy investments, and geopolitical risks in Gaza and the Red Sea.
The MENA region has a stable outlook for 2024 due to regional growth dynamics, supportive oil and gas prices, and economic linkages between hydrocarbon exporting and non-exporting economies, but geopolitical tensions pose a key risk.
Egypt, Tunisia, and Lebanon are exceptions to the stable outlook in the MENA region, facing challenges such as political gridlock, limited market access, weakened global demand, and widening external funding gaps.
Deep dives
Stable outlook for MENA sovereigns supported by regional growth dynamics
The MENA sovereigns have a stable outlook for 2024 due to regional growth dynamics, including investments in various economies and solid business and consumer sentiment. The stability is partly attributed to supportive oil and gas prices and economic linkages between hydrocarbon exporting and non-exporting economies. However, geopolitical tensions in the region pose a key risk, especially if conflicts escalate into a multi-front military conflict. Catalysts for a more positive outlook include eased financing conditions and increased capital inflow, while negative outlooks may be triggered by significant conflicts or weakened global demand.
Exceptions to the stable outlook in Egypt, Tunisia, and Lebanon
Out of the MENA region, Egypt, Tunisia, and Lebanon are exceptions to the stable outlook. Lebanon is already in default due to political gridlock, leading to limited market access and the pressing need for restructuring. Tunisia faces impaired market access and has been unable to secure an IMF program, relying mainly on finite foreign exchange reserves. These countries' external funding gaps are at risk of widening due to factors like low tourism receipts and conflicts in the region.
Mixed banking system performance with GCC countries showing more positive outlook
The MENA region presents two contrasting tales in terms of economic performance and credit fundamentals in the banking system. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, particularly Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, show positive outlooks supported by government spending, loan performance, and robust profits. However, Egypt and Tunisia are weak links due to high sovereign risk and the vulnerability of their banking systems tied to their respective governments. Bank consolidation and mergers are expected to continue, driven by economic factors, hydrocarbon dependence, and expansion into markets with strong trade ties.
Conditions are more stable for sovereigns, banks and companies in the Gulf Cooperation Council region than in North Africa and Levant. An escalation of the Israel-Hamas military conflict is main risk.
Speakers: Christian Fang, Vice President – Senior Analyst, Sovereign Risk Group at Moody’s Investors Service; Badis Shubailat, Assistant Vice President – Analyst, Financial Institutions Group at Moody’s Investors Service; Rehan Akbar, Senior Vice President, Corporate Finance Group at Moody’s Investors Service
Host: Vittoria Zoli, Analyst, Emerging Markets at Moody’s Investors Service
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