The Best of Times, the Worst of Times: Former NHGRI Director Eric Green on a Shaken NIH and Surging Genomic Science

At the end of each year we look for a guest who in many ways defines the year. Today we sit down former NHGRI director Eric Green to reflect on the most turbulent year in his 31-year career at NIH. After leading the National Human Genome Research Institute for more than 15 years, Green’s appointment was abruptly non-renewed—a decision he learned about with “two or three days notice that I was going to have to retire from federal service.” What followed, he says, was a wave of terminations and forced retirements across NIH that left NHGRI “in trauma” as entire communications, education, and policy groups disappeared overnight.

Yet alongside this institutional upheaval, Green describes a scientific landscape moving at astonishing speed—from the maturation of genome editing and long-read sequencing to the rise of multi-omics and the accelerating push toward routine healthy newborn genome sequencing. He believes widespread newborn sequencing is no longer a distant vision but “within striking distance,” driven by global studies, new U.S. programs, and rapidly falling costs.

The conversation also explores the political pressures shaping genomics today, especially around the collection of heterogeneous genomic data and the cultivation of a diverse workforce. Green argues that scientists must learn to explain their work in human terms—as stories about patients and cures, not grants and budgets. He says it might also be a good idea to not use the “d” word (for example, “assortment” rather than “diversity”) in grants for now, silly as that is.

Despite the personal and institutional losses of the past year, Green remains committed to the future of U.S. biomedical science which continues to surge in the headlines each day. In a reference to Dickens, he says it is literally the best and worst of times.

Now entering what he calls “version 3.0,” Green sees his role as genomics evangelist, educator, and advocate—helping ensure that the momentum of genomic medicine continues even as the nation’s scientific infrastructure undergoes profound stress.

“I am officially on call to help rebuild the NIH… It’s very easy to destroy a place, and very hard to rebuild it.”

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