ID:IOTS - Infectious Disease Insight Of Two Specialists 31. Salmonella and Shigella
Sep 26, 2022
Dive into the fascinating world of Salmonella and Shigella, the notorious culprits behind diarrhea. Discover the complexities of the Salmonella genus and its far-reaching implications on public health. Learn about the dangers of untreated salmonella typhi infections, including the notorious rose spots. Hear about the historical Edinburgh typhoid outbreak and the challenges faced in treating antibiotic-resistant strains. The hosts' humor adds a delightful twist to serious topics in infectious disease!
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One Species, Many Clinical Faces
- Salmonella enterica is the main clinical species with >2,500 serovars including Typhi, Paratyphi, Enteritidis and Typhimurium.
- Different serovars cause distinct syndromes from gastroenteritis to enteric fever and invasive bacteremia.
Avoid Routine Antibiotics For Simple Salmonellosis
- Do not routinely treat uncomplicated non-typhoidal salmonellosis with antibiotics because it is usually self-limiting.
- Avoid antibiotics to reduce resistance and because most patients improve without them.
Why Typhoid Is Systemic And Dangerous
- Enteric fevers (S. Typhi/Paratyphi) have longer incubation and higher mortality than non-typhoidal salmonellosis.
- Typhoid spreads systemically via Peyer's patches to liver, spleen and gallbladder, causing carriage and high-level shedding.