The war in Ukraine has led to significant environmental damage, including the destruction of the Kukok Dam, resulting in negative impacts on ecosystems and daily life in the region.
Epigenetics plays a crucial role in determining an individual's risk for diseases by regulating gene expression and stability, offering potential for manipulating epigenetic marks to enhance beta cell function and reduce the risk of diabetes.
Deep dives
The Environmental Toll of the War in Ukraine
The war in Ukraine has had significant environmental consequences, particularly the destruction of the Kukok Dam. The dam's destruction resulted in the loss of a valuable ecosystem service provided by zebra mussels, which filtered water before it flowed downstream. Additionally, the flooding caused the formation of marshy areas and increased mosquito breeding, negatively impacting the region's ecosystems and daily life.
Epigenetics and Disease Risk
Epigenetics plays a crucial role in determining an individual's risk for diseases such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and obesity. Epigenetic processes regulate gene expression and stability in cells, as well as across the entire organism and even across generations. These processes can influence the likelihood of developing diseases by controlling the expression of disease-associated genes and maintaining specific cellular functions.
Understanding Beta Cell Function and Diabetes Risk
Recent research in the field of epigenetics has shed light on the role of beta cells in diabetes and the potential to manipulate epigenetic marks to enhance beta cell function. Studies have shown that different epigenetic patterns in beta cells can affect their functionality and determine an individual's risk for diabetes. By understanding and manipulating these epigenetic marks, it may be possible to improve beta cell function and reduce the risk of diabetes.
The Promise of Precision Medicine and Epigenetics
The future of clinical medicine may involve incorporating epigenetic data alongside genetic and environmental information in precision medicine approaches. Currently, precision medicine heavily relies on genetic data, but the integration of epigenetic information could provide a more comprehensive understanding of an individual's disease risk. Epigenetics may help refine disease subtypes, predict disease progression, and guide personalized treatments based on an individual's unique epigenetic profile.
Assessing environmental damage during wartime, and tracking signaling between fetus and mother
First up, freelance journalist Richard Stone returns with news from his latest trip to Ukraine. This week, he shares stories with host Sarah Crespi about environmental damage from the war, particularly the grave consequences of the Kakhovka Dam explosion.
Next, producer Kevin McLean talks with researcher Nardhy Gomez-Lopez, a professor in the department of obstetrics and gynecology and pathology and immunology in the Center for Reproductive Health Sciences at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The two discuss signaling between fetus and mother during childbirth and how understanding this crosstalk may one day help predict premature labor.
Finally, in a sponsored segment from the Science/AAAS Custom Publishing Office, Erika Berg, director and senior editor for the Custom Publishing Office, interviews Andrew Pospisilik, chair and professor of epigenetics at the Van Andel Institute, about his research into how epigenetics stabilizes particular gene expression patterns and how those patterns affect our risk for disease. This segment is sponsored by the Van Andel Institute.
This week’s episode was produced with help from Podigy.