Windell Curole, a dedicated advocate for flood protection in southern Louisiana, shares his remarkable journey of defiance against federal regulations. He reveals how he took matters into his own hands after Hurricane Katrina, constructing levees taller and quicker than permitted. The conversation dives into the cultural identity of Cajun Country and the urgent environmental challenges faced by the community. Curole’s bold choices highlight the tension between local needs and bureaucratic obstacles in disaster management, making for a gripping discussion on resilience and preparedness.
Wendell Curole's decision to independently raise levee heights exemplifies the tension between local urgency and federal regulations in disaster preparedness.
The successful protection of South Lafourche during Hurricane Ida demonstrated the effectiveness of Curole's innovative approach to flood defense despite governmental constraints.
Deep dives
Wendell Curall's Background and Commitment
Wendell Curall, a lifelong resident of southern Louisiana, has dedicated over four decades to protecting his community from hurricanes. Growing up in a region where historical hurricanes have devastated towns, he understands the critical need for effective flood defenses. After taking charge of the South Lafourche Levee District, Wendell recognized that building levees was not merely a job but a matter of life and death for his community. His commitment to serving and safeguarding this area shaped his work alongside the federal government to enhance the resilience of the levee system.
Hurricane Katrina's Impact on Levee Engineering
The failure of the levee system during Hurricane Katrina prompted a major re-evaluation of flood protection standards across the U.S. The Army Corps of Engineers initiated a comprehensive overhaul of the levies, emphasizing structural integrity and stricter design specifications. Wendell, however, felt an urgent need to raise levee heights quickly in response to rising storm threats, leading him to pursue a more aggressive approach. This desire to act swiftly set the stage for a conflict between local initiatives and federal regulations on levee construction.
Going Rogue: Wendell’s Controversial Decision
Faced with bureaucratic delays and stringent federal requirements, Wendell made the controversial choice to bypass the Army Corps of Engineers to build higher levees himself. He successfully lobbied locals to support a new sales tax, raising funds to expedite construction while risking his leverage with federal support. Confronted with threats of penalties and pushback from the Corps, he remained steadfast, believing that urgency was paramount to the survival of his community. His determination to protect South Lafourche drove him to act independently, even amid potential financial consequences.
The Proving Ground: Hurricane Ida
Wendell's decisions were tested during Hurricane Ida, which struck southern Louisiana years after his aggressive construction efforts. As the storm approached, he and his team rode out the hurricane in a local hospital, anxious about the stability of their levees. Remarkably, once the storm passed, it was clear that the higher levees prevented major flooding, safeguarding Wendell's community. This outcome not only validated Wendell's unorthodox methods but also highlighted the ongoing struggle between local needs and federal flood protection strategies.
Windell Curole spent decades working to protect his community in southern Louisiana from the destructive flooding caused by hurricanes. His local office in South Lafourche partnered with the federal government's Army Corps of Engineers to build a massive ring of earthen mounds – also known as levees – to keep the floodwaters at bay.
But after Hurricane Katrina called into question the integrity of those levees, Windell decided to take a gamble that put him at odds with his partners in the Army Corps. He decided that the best thing he could do to protect his community was to go rogue and build his levees as tall as possible as quickly as possible, without federal permission.
On today's show, what the story of Windell's levee can teach us about how the federal government calculates and manages the risk of natural disasters, and how those calculations can look a lot different to the people staring straight into the eye of the storm.
This episode was hosted by Alexi Horowitz-Ghazi and Mary Childs. It was produced by Emma Peaslee and edited by Jess Jiang. It was fact checked by Sierra Juarez and engineered by Valentine Rodriguez Sanchez. Alex Goldmark is Planet Money's executive producer.