Ciara Greene and Gillian Murphy, "Memory Lane: The Perfectly Imperfect Ways We Remember" (Princeton UP, 2025)
Apr 3, 2025
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Ciara Greene, an associate professor at University College Dublin and co-author of 'Memory Lane,' dives deep into the quirks of human memory. She discusses how technology influences our recollection and reflects on personal experiences in memory research. Ciara highlights the transformative case of Henry Molaison, revealing insights about the hippocampus and memory construction. The conversation also tackles the complexities of multitasking and underscores that memory is an adaptive process, not just a flawless recording.
Memory intertwines with our behavior and beliefs, demonstrating its vital role in shaping our everyday thoughts and actions.
Understanding memory as an active reconstruction process highlights the influence of emotions and context on how we recall experiences.
Deep dives
The Importance of Memory in Everyday Life
Memory is crucial for understanding our past and shaping our behavior and beliefs. Psychological research emphasizes how memory intertwines with daily life, affecting our thoughts and actions. Despite concerns about modern technology diminishing our memory skills, history shows that concerns about memory have existed for centuries, dating back to Socrates. Recognizing different types of memory, particularly autobiographical memory, is essential for grasping how we recall personal experiences.
Neural Mechanisms Behind Memory Formation
Different parts of the brain are responsible for various memory functions, with the hippocampus playing a critical role in forming new memories. When we remember, we reactivate the networks of neural connections created during memory formation. Research into cases such as Henry Molaison, who lost his ability to form new memories after hippocampus removal, highlights the connection between specific brain structures and memory capabilities. The consolidation process further illustrates how memories evolve from dependence on the hippocampus to a more distributed network in the brain.
The Dynamic Nature of Memory Retrieval
Memory is not a simple retrieval process; instead, it involves active reconstruction, akin to building a Lego tower from memory. This reconstruction means that memories can be influenced by emotions and contextual cues at the time of recall, making some details easier to retrieve than others. This dynamic allows for flexibility in how we remember but also opens the door for inaccuracies, as new information or emotional states can distort original memories. Understanding memory as a reconstruction process underlines the importance of the techniques and contexts in which we encode experiences.
The Role of Forgetting in Memory Function
Forgetting plays a significant role in memory function, allowing the brain to prioritize and streamline cognitive resources. Many instances where individuals believe they have forgotten something may be due to a lack of encoding initially rather than actual memory loss. Removing superfluous details helps maintain cognitive efficiency and mental health, as excessive recall of negative experiences can be detrimental. Embracing the idea of forgetting as an adaptive function can alleviate anxiety over memory lapses and enhance appreciation for the flexibility of our memory systems.
Today I’m speaking with Ciara Greene, co-author with Gillian Murphy of the new book, Memory Lane: The Perfectly Imperfect Ways We Remember (Princeton UP, 2025). Ciara is associate professor in the School of Psychology at University College Dublin, where she leads the Attention and Memory Laboratory. The scientific study of human memory has become even more relevant in an age where we have every technology under the Sun to alleviate us of the need to remember. It makes sense that we worry about losing the ability to remember today, but even Socrates 2,500 years ago lamented that the recently invented technology of writing harmed people’s ability to remember. Memory not only connects us with our past, but it instructs us in how we should behave, what we should believe, and underlies the patterns of our everyday thoughts. Memory Lane takes readers behind the most up-to-date scientific research on memory. How memory actually works versus how we think it works is a wide chasm, and Ciara and Gillian are excellent guides for bridging the gap.