Flashback: The Blacklist, Part 4: The African Queen, Humphrey Bogart and Katharine Hepburn
Jan 10, 2025
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Dive into the turbulent world of 1940s Hollywood, where Katharine Hepburn and Humphrey Bogart boldly challenged the House Un-American Activities Committee. Discover how their activism impacted their careers, with Hepburn branded a 'Red' and Bogart facing public backlash. Explore the formation of the Committee for the First Amendment, as stars united against anti-communist hysteria. The drama culminates in the making of 'The African Queen,' a challenging project that tested their resilience and defined their legacies amidst political chaos.
55:30
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Quick takeaways
Katharine Hepburn, Humphrey Bogart, and John Huston faced severe backlash for opposing HUAC, risking their careers in Hollywood after their activism.
The production of 'The African Queen' served as a pivotal moment for Bogart and Hepburn, revitalizing their careers amid political turmoil.
Deep dives
Hollywood's Activism Against the HUAC
Humphrey Bogart, John Huston, and Katharine Hepburn took significant risks to oppose the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) during the Red Scare. They were pivotal in forming the Committee for the First Amendment, which organized a group of Hollywood stars to support the 'unfriendly 19' during the 1947 HUAC hearings. This group, comprising notable figures such as Rita Hayworth and Gene Kelly, aimed to defend civil liberties, separate from ideological support for communism. Their activism was a response to what they perceived as an attack on the film industry and the First Amendment rights of artists.
The Personal and Professional Fallout
The consequences of their activism soon became evident as public sentiment turned against them amidst heightened anti-communist fervor. Despite their intentions, Bogart, Huston, and Hepburn faced backlash, with Bogart specifically having to navigate significant public scrutiny and press attacks labeling him a potential communist sympathizer. Following the HUAC hearings, Bogart distanced himself from the Committee for the First Amendment, ultimately stating his admiration for the Bill of Rights rather than for communism. Hepburn's outspoken support for political freedom resulted in a significant backlash that jeopardized her career, highlighting the precarious nature of Hollywood politics at the time.
The Making of 'The African Queen'
'The African Queen' served as a critical turning point for both Bogart and Hepburn, revitalizing their careers amidst the political turmoil. Directed by John Huston, the film was a challenging production that featured numerous difficulties, including tropical diseases and logistical hardships. Despite these challenges, the film became a significant commercial success and was well-received by critics. The performance of Bogart earned him an Oscar, symbolizing a triumphant return to prominence after a streak of uncertainty during the Hollywood blacklist era.
Adjustments and Realities of Hollywood
As a result of their experiences during the HUAC hearings, the dynamic within Hollywood began to shift, affecting how stars engaged with political issues going forward. Many actors, including Bogart and Hepburn, learned the hard lesson of maintaining their reputations and careers in a climate of fear and suspicion. The pressures from studio heads and the media influenced their public personas, leading to various attempts to clarify or reshape their political standings. Ultimately, the scandal underscored the complexities of artistic expression within the confines of a politically charged environment.
This episode was originally released on March 1, 2016. Listen to help prep for the next episode of our new season,The Old Man is Still Alive.
In the late 1940s, as the country was moving to the right and there was pressure on Hollywood to do the same, Katharine Hepburn, Humphrey Bogart and John Huston all protested HUAC in ways that damaged their public personas and their ability to work in Hollywood. Hepburn’s outspokenness resulted in headlines branding her a "Red" and, allegedly, audiences stoning her films. Bogart and Huston were prominent members of the Committee For the First Amendment, a group of Hollywood stars who came to Washington to support the Hollywood Ten -- and lived to regret it. With their career futures uncertain, the trio collaborated on the most difficult film any of them would ever make, The African Queen.